15-32718535-G-C

Variant names:

• chr15-32718535-G-C
• rs2293581
• NM_013372.7:c.-2+374G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points: 2P and 4B. PM2 BP4_Strong

The NM_013372.7(GREM1):​c.-2+374G>C variant causes a intron change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: GREM1 NM_013372.7 intron
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.129
• Publications: 11 publications found

Genes affected

GREM1 (HGNC:2001): (gremlin 1, DAN family BMP antagonist) This gene encodes a member of the BMP (bone morphogenic protein) antagonist family. Like BMPs, BMP antagonists contain cystine knots and typically form homo- and heterodimers. The CAN (cerberus and dan) subfamily of BMP antagonists, to which this gene belongs, is characterized by a C-terminal cystine knot with an eight-membered ring. The antagonistic effect of the secreted glycosylated protein encoded by this gene is likely due to its direct binding to BMP proteins. As an antagonist of BMP, this gene may play a role in regulating organogenesis, body patterning, and tissue differentiation. In mouse, this protein has been shown to relay the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signal from the polarizing region to the apical ectodermal ridge during limb bud outgrowth. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

GREM1-AS1 (HGNC:55411): (GREM1 antisense RNA 1)

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.75).

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_013372.7. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GREM1	NM_013372.7	MANE Select	c.-2+374G>C		intron	N/A	NP_037504.1
	GREM1	NM_001368719.1		c.-169G>C		5_prime_UTR	Exon 1 of 2	NP_001355648.1
	GREM1	NM_001191323.2		c.-2+374G>C		intron	N/A	NP_001178252.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GREM1	ENST00000651154.1	MANE Select	c.-2+374G>C		intron	N/A	ENSP00000498748.1
	GREM1	ENST00000560677.5	TSL:4	c.-2+374G>C		intron	N/A	ENSP00000453387.1
	GREM1-AS1	ENST00000558441.1	TSL:6	n.473C>G		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 1 of 1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 0

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 5519

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.75
CADD	Benign	8.7
DANN	Benign	0.70
PhyloP100		0.13
PromoterAI		0.020	Neutral

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs2293581; hg19: chr15-33010736;