16-173312-G-T

Variant names:

• chr16-173312-G-T
• rs281864878
• NM_000517.6:c.283G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PM1 PM5 PP3_Strong PP5_Moderate

The NM_000517.6(HBA2):​c.283G>T​(p.Asp95Tyr) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000286 in 1,399,818 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. D95N) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 24)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000029 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: HBA2 NM_000517.6 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.11
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

HBA2 (HGNC:4824): (hemoglobin subunit alpha 2) The human alpha globin gene cluster located on chromosome 16 spans about 30 kb and includes seven loci: 5'- zeta - pseudozeta - mu - pseudoalpha-1 - alpha-2 - alpha-1 - theta - 3'. The alpha-2 (HBA2) and alpha-1 (HBA1) coding sequences are identical. These genes differ slightly over the 5' untranslated regions and the introns, but they differ significantly over the 3' untranslated regions. Two alpha chains plus two beta chains constitute HbA, which in normal adult life comprises about 97% of the total hemoglobin; alpha chains combine with delta chains to constitute HbA-2, which with HbF (fetal hemoglobin) makes up the remaining 3% of adult hemoglobin. Alpha thalassemias result from deletions of each of the alpha genes as well as deletions of both HBA2 and HBA1; some nondeletion alpha thalassemias have also been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

HBA2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• alpha thalassemia spectrum

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen
• erythrocytosis, familial, 7

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, LIMITED Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, ClinGen, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• hemoglobin M disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• hemoglobin H disease

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Heinz body anemia

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• methemoglobinemia, alpha type

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen
• unstable hemoglobin disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ENSG00000294455 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 10 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 7 benign, 10 uncertain in NM_000517.6
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr16-173312-G-A is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 1330041.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.995
• PP5: Variant 16-173312-G-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr16-173312-G-T is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 1679434.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000517.6. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	HBA2	NM_000517.6	MANE Select	c.283G>T	p.Asp95Tyr	missense	Exon 2 of 3	NP_000508.1	D1MGQ2

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	HBA2	ENST00000251595.11	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.283G>T	p.Asp95Tyr	missense	Exon 2 of 3	ENSP00000251595.6	P69905
	HBA2	ENST00000484216.1	TSL:1	c.250G>T	p.Asp84Tyr	missense	Exon 2 of 2	ENSP00000495899.1	A0A2R8Y7C0
	HBA2	ENST00000482565.1	TSL:1	n.419G>T		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 1 of 2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 24

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000286 AC: 4 AN: 1399818 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 28 AF XY: 0.00000575 AC XY: 4 AN XY: 695614

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 28210

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 40784

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 25392

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 38156

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 80558

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 42256

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.000732 AC: 3 AN: 4098

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1082488

Other (OTH) AF: 0.0000173 AC: 1 AN: 57876

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 24

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
2	-	-	not provided (2)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.98
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.54	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.53
CADD	Uncertain	25
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.26	T
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.91
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.76
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.93	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
PhyloP100		6.1
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.78	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-8.2	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.98
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Vest4		0.91
MutPred		0.96		Gain of methylation at K91 (P = 0.0335)
MVP		1.0
MPC		2.8
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		4.2
PromoterAI		-0.062	Neutral
gMVP		0.96
Mutation Taster		=16/84	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs281864878; hg19: chr16-223311;