16-1985991-G-A

Position:

chr16-1985991-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 14 ACMG points: 14P and 0B. PM1PM2PM5PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_005262.3(GFER):c.581G>A(p.Arg194His) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000992 in 1,612,956 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R194C) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000033 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000075 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

GFER
NM_005262.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:8O:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 9.19

Variant links:

Genes affected

GFER (HGNC:4236): (growth factor, augmenter of liver regeneration) The hepatotrophic factor designated augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) is thought to be one of the factors responsible for the extraordinary regenerative capacity of mammalian liver. It has also been called hepatic regenerative stimulation substance (HSS). The gene resides on chromosome 16 in the interval containing the locus for polycystic kidney disease (PKD1). The putative gene product is 42% similar to the scERV1 protein of yeast. The yeast scERV1 gene had been found to be essential for oxidative phosphorylation, the maintenance of mitochondrial genomes, and the cell division cycle. The human gene is both the structural and functional homolog of the yeast scERV1 gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GFER links:

(HGNC:):

links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 14 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 4 uncertain in NM_005262.3

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr16-1985990-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 1699133.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_pathogenic=1, Uncertain_significance=1}.

PP5

Variant 16-1985991-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr16-1985991-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 8691.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr16-1985991-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic]. Variant chr16-1985991-G-A is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
GFER	NM_005262.3 linkuse as main transcript	c.581G>A	p.Arg194His	missense_variant	3/3	ENST00000248114.7

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
GFER	ENST00000248114.7 linkuse as main transcript	c.581G>A	p.Arg194His	missense_variant	3/3	1	NM_005262.3	P1	P55789-1
	ENST00000654451.1 linkuse as main transcript	n.940C>T		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	2/2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000328

AC:

AN:

152260

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000482

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000441

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000279

AC:

AN:

250614

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000221

AC XY:

AN XY:

135684

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000185

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.0000327

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000265

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000753

AC:

AN:

1460696

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000688

AC XY:

AN XY:

726666

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.0000896

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000116

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000450

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000331

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000328

AC:

AN:

152260

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000403

AC XY:

AN XY:

74376

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000482

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000441

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000504

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000264

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000233

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000494

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:8Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Congenital cataract-progressive muscular hypotonia-hearing loss-developmental delay syndrome

Pathogenic:4Other:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Genomics England Pilot Project, Genomics England	-	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Revvity Omics, Revvity	Oct 10, 2022	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Sep 01, 2017	This mutation has been previously reported as disease-causing and was found once in our laboratory in trans with a pathogenic variant in a 13-year-old male with profound delays, tremulousness, respiratory distress, congenital ataracts, hypoglycemia, lactic acidemia, autistic features, scoliosis, pica, hypotonia, intermittent alopecia, osteoporosis, episodes of hypophosphatemia. Similarly affected sister had same compound heterozygous genotype. Heterozygotes are expected to be asymptomatic carriers. -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Dec 15, 2014	- -
not provided, no classification provided	literature only	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	-	- -

not provided

Pathogenic:3

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Mayo Clinic	Mar 08, 2016	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Jul 31, 2024	Published functional studies suggest a damaging effect (protein instability and altered localization) (PMID: 20593814, 19409522); Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25269795, 26018198, 33144682, 19409522, 26944241, 34758253, 20593814, 28155230) -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Dec 24, 2022	For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects GFER function (PMID: 19409522, 25269795). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be disruptive. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 8691). This missense change has been observed in individuals with mitochondrial myopathy (PMID: 19409522, 26018198, 26944241). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. This variant is present in population databases (rs121908192, gnomAD 0.01%). This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with histidine, which is basic and polar, at codon 194 of the GFER protein (p.Arg194His). -

Inborn genetic diseases

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Jul 21, 2017

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.78

BayesDel_addAF

Uncertain

0.089

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.17

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.62

D;.

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.92

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.81

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.96

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

1.0

D;D

M_CAP

Benign

0.061

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.72

D;D

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.18

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.5

M;.

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

A;A;A

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.75

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-4.6

D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.66

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0010

D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;.

Vest4

0.68

MVP

0.87

MPC

1.2

ClinPred

0.98

GERP RS

4.4

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.97

gMVP

0.76

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over