16-23607883-G-C

Variant names:

• chr16-23607883-G-C
• rs864622193
• NM_024675.4:c.3331C>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points: 1P and 0B. PP3

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):​c.3331C>G​(p.Pro1111Ala) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000372 in 1,613,898 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 (0 hom., cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000034 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PALB2 NM_024675.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:9 B:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.58

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ENSG00000261723 (HGNC:58305):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points.

• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.747

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.3331C>G	p.Pro1111Ala	missense_variant	Exon 12 of 13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.3331C>G	p.Pro1111Ala	missense_variant	Exon 12 of 13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1 AN: 152152 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000147

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000342 AC: 5 AN: 1461746 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000413 AC XY: 3 AN XY: 727180

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000450

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1 AN: 152152 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.0000135 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 74310

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:9 Benign:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:2

Sep 24, 2020

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jun 15, 2023

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: PALB2 c.3331C>G (p.Pro1111Ala) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the Partner and localiser of BRCA2, WD40 domain (IPR031920) of the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 251456 control chromosomes (gnomAD). The available data on variant occurrences in the general population are insufficient to allow any conclusion about variant significance. c.3331C>G has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Breast Cancer (Dorling_2021), however, this report does not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Hereditary Breast And Ovarian Cancer Syndrome. One publication using mouse embryonic stem cells lacking Palb2 reported that complementation with the human P111A-PALB2 was able to rescue homologous recombination and confer PARPi resistance similar to levels seen with human wildtype-PALB2, with 102.61% and 87.51% relative activity, respectively (Boonen_2019). The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 31757951, 33471991). Six ClinVar submitters have assessed the variant since 2014: all have classified the variant as uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:2

Mar 15, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 08, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces proline, which is neutral and non-polar, with alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 1111 of the PALB2 protein (p.Pro1111Ala). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PALB2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 219647). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be tolerated. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change does not substantially affect PALB2 function (PMID: 31757951). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Aug 06, 2024

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This missense variant replaces proline with alanine at codon 1111 of the PALB2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). A functional study has shown that this variant has neutral impact on PALB2 function (PMID: 31757951). This variant has been reported in an individual affected with breast cancer (PMID: 29522266). This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Aug 24, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.P1111A variant (also known as c.3331C>G), located in coding exon 12 of the PALB2 gene, results from a C to G substitution at nucleotide position 3331. The proline at codon 1111 is replaced by alanine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This alteration was detected in 1/5589 German BRCA1/2-negative probands with breast cancer (Hauke J et al. Cancer Med. 2018 04;7:1349-1358). In one functional study, this variant did not significantly impair homologous recombination efficiency compared to wild-type, and was classified as a variant of uncertain significance by the authors (Boonen RACM et al. Nat Commun. 2019 11;10:5296). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

not provided Uncertain:1 Benign:1

Nov 01, 2024

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

PALB2: BP1, BP4, BS3:Supporting -

Nov 03, 2021

Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital TU Dresden, University Hospital TU Dresden

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Familial cancer of breast;C1835817:Fanconi anemia complementation group N;C3150547:Pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3 Uncertain:1

Jan 11, 2022

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome Uncertain:1

May 14, 2024

German Consortium for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital Cologne

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: curation

According to the ClinGen ACMG PALB2 v1.0.0 criteria we chose this criterion: BP1 (supporting benign): ClinGen: Apply to all missense variants. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.32
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.066	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.14
CADD	Uncertain	24
DANN	Uncertain	0.98
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.14	T;T
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.87
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.87
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.88	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.85	T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.024	T
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.75	D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.14	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.0	.;M
PrimateAI	Benign	0.42	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.2	D;D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.40
Sift	Uncertain	0.010	D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.029	D;D
Polyphen		1.0	.;D
Vest4		0.66
MutPred		0.56		.;Loss of glycosylation at P1111 (P = 0.0677);
MVP		0.91
MPC		0.093
ClinPred		0.90	D
GERP RS		6.1
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.42
gMVP		0.43

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.040		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs864622193; hg19: chr16-23619204;