16-23607988-G-A

Position:

• chr16-23607988-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):​c.3226C>T​(p.His1076Tyr) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000274 in 1,461,764 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000027 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PALB2 NM_024675.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.34

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.3226C>T	p.His1076Tyr	missense_variant	12/13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.3226C>T	p.His1076Tyr	missense_variant	12/13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000274 AC: 4 AN: 1461764 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727196

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.000101

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp	Mar 21, 2016	- -
Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided	curation	Leiden Open Variation Database	Oct 10, 2018	Curators: Marc Tischkowitz, Arleen D. Auerbach. Submitter to LOVD: Yukihide Momozawa. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Jul 12, 2024	The p.H1076Y variant (also known as c.3226C>T), located in coding exon 12 of the PALB2 gene, results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 3226. The histidine at codon 1076 is replaced by tyrosine, an amino acid with similar properties. This alteration was observed with an allele frequency of 0.00071 in 7051 unselected female breast cancer patients and 0.00053 in 11241 female controls of Japanese ancestry. In addition, it was observed in 0/53 unselected male breast cancer patients and with an allele frequency of 0.0010 in 12490 male controls of Japanese ancestry (Momozawa Y et al. Nat Commun, 2018 10;9:4083). This alteration has also been detected in a Chinese patient diagnosed with rectal cancer at age 55 (Raskin L et al. Oncotarget, 2017 Nov;8:93450-93463). This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Sep 04, 2018	- -

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Dec 02, 2023

This sequence change replaces histidine, which is basic and polar, with tyrosine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 1076 of the PALB2 protein (p.His1076Tyr). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with breast and rectal cancer (PMID: 29212164, 30287823). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 492213). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.21
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.017	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.26
CADD	Uncertain	24
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.070	T;T
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.76
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.77
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.77	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.81	T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.015	T
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.59	D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.73	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.8	.;L
PrimateAI	Benign	0.45	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.3	D;D
REVEL	Benign	0.15
Sift	Uncertain	0.0040	D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0060	D;D
Polyphen		1.0	.;D
Vest4		0.65
MutPred		0.31		.;Loss of disorder (P = 0.0578);
MVP		0.72
MPC		0.31
ClinPred		0.92	D
GERP RS		6.1
Varity_R		0.35
gMVP		0.59

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.16		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555458224; hg19: chr16-23619309;