16-23621408-G-A

Position:

• chr16-23621408-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):​c.3067C>T​(p.Gln1023Ter) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000657 in 152,138 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency: Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 (0 hom., cov: 32)
• Consequence: PALB2 NM_024675.4 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.71

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

(HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 16-23621408-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr16-23621408-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 492209.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.3067C>T	p.Gln1023Ter	stop_gained	10/13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.3067C>T	p.Gln1023Ter	stop_gained	10/13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584	P1
	ENST00000561764.1	n.420-2492G>A		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant		2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1 AN: 152138 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.0000655

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1 AN: 152138 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 74344

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.0000655

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Mar 22, 2019

For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Loss-of-function variants in PALB2 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 17200668, 24136930, 25099575). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with PALB2-related disease. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 492209). This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Gln1023*) in the PALB2 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Jan 15, 2020

This variant changes 1 nucleotide in exon 10 of the PALB2 gene, creating a premature translation stop signal. This variant is expected to result in an absent or non-functional protein product. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Loss of PALB2 function is a known mechanism of disease (clinicalgenome.org). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. -

Hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Nov 19, 2020

Variant summary: PALB2 c.3067C>T (p.Gln1023X) results in a premature termination codon, predicted to cause a truncation of the encoded protein or absence of the protein due to nonsense mediated decay, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. Truncations downstream of this position have been classified as pathogenic by our laboratory. The variant was absent in 251444 control chromosomes (gnomAD). To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.3067C>T in individuals affected with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. Two clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation, and both of them classified the variant as pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.60	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.57
CADD	Pathogenic	38
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.73
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.57
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.77	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	A
Vest4		0.93
GERP RS		4.3
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555459386; hg19: chr16-23632729;