16-23623035-A-G

Position:

• chr16-23623035-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 4 ACMG points: 4P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Moderate

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):​c.2930T>C​(p.Leu977Pro) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,872 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. L977Q) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PALB2 NM_024675.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.64

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

(HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 4 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.851

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.2930T>C	p.Leu977Pro	missense_variant	9/13	ENST00000261584.9

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.2930T>C	p.Leu977Pro	missense_variant	9/13	1	NM_024675.4	P1
	ENST00000561764.1	n.420-865A>G		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant		2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461872 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 727238

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000116

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Sep 29, 2014

The p.L977P variant (also known as c.2930T>C), located in coding exon 9 of the PALB2 gene, results from a T to C substitution at nucleotide position 2930. The leucine at codon 977 is replaced by proline, an amino acid with a few similar properties. This variant was not reported in population based cohorts in the following databases: Database of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (dbSNP), NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project (ESP), and 1000 Genomes Project. In the ESP, this variant was not observed in 6497 samples (12,994 alleles) with coverage at this position. To date, this alteration has been detected with an allele frequency of approximately 0.004% (greater than 23,000 alleles tested) in our clinical cohort. This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of p.L977P remains unclear. -

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Aug 06, 2017

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be disruptive, but these predictions have not been confirmed by published functional studies and their clinical significance is uncertain. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with PALB2-related disease. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 402304). This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This sequence change replaces leucine with proline at codon 977 of the PALB2 protein (p.Leu977Pro). The leucine residue is highly conserved and there is a moderate physicochemical difference between leucine and proline. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.97
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.26	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.14
CADD	Pathogenic	27
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.14	T;T
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.72
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.69
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.95	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.83	T;T
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.20	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.85	D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.52	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.6	.;M
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.52	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.0	D;D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.42
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.019	D;D
Polyphen		1.0	.;D
Vest4		0.98
MutPred		0.46		.;Loss of sheet (P = 0.0126);
MVP		0.81
MPC		0.42
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.8
Varity_R		0.97
gMVP		0.92

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1060499825; hg19: chr16-23634356;