16-23629672-A-G

Position:

• chr16-23629672-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -4 ACMG points: 0P and 4B. BP4_Strong

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):​c.2482T>C​(p.Cys828Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000547 in 1,461,880 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 14/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. C828C) has been classified as Benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000055 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PALB2 NM_024675.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.122

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -4 ACMG points.

• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.06659204).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.2482T>C	p.Cys828Arg	missense_variant	5/13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.2482T>C	p.Cys828Arg	missense_variant	5/13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000547 AC: 8 AN: 1461880 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000550 AC XY: 4 AN XY: 727242

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.0000597

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000540

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Mar 21, 2024	The p.C828R variant (also known as c.2482T>C), located in coding exon 5 of the PALB2 gene, results from a T to C substitution at nucleotide position 2482. The cysteine at codon 828 is replaced by arginine, an amino acid with highly dissimilar properties. This amino acid position is not well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Jan 21, 2022	This missense variant replaces cysteine with arginine at codon 828 of the PALB2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. In a large breast cancer case-control study, this variant has been observed in 1/60465 cases and 1/53460 controls; OR=0.884 (95%CI 0.055 to 14.136); p-value=1 (PMID: 33471991 - Leiden Open Variation Database DB-ID PALB2_010890). This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Apr 06, 2020

Variant summary: PALB2 c.2482T>C (p.Cys828Arg) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 251398 control chromosomes (gnomAD). The available data on variant occurrences in the general population are insufficient to allow any conclusion about variant significance. To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.2482T>C in individuals affected with Breast Cancer and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. Three ClinVar submitters (evaluation after 2014) cite the variant as uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Jun 28, 2022

This sequence change replaces cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 828 of the PALB2 protein (p.Cys828Arg). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PALB2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 233646). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function output the following: SIFT: "Tolerated"; PolyPhen-2: "Benign"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0". The arginine amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, which suggests that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.094
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.31	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.68
CADD	Benign	5.8
DANN	Benign	0.83
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.078	T;T
Eigen	Benign	-1.0
Eigen_PC	Benign	-1.1
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.045	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.49	T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.011	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.067	T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.97	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.3	.;L
PrimateAI	Benign	0.34	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.7	D;D
REVEL	Benign	0.014
Sift	Benign	0.61	T;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.40	T;T
Polyphen		0.0040	.;B
Vest4		0.16
MutPred		0.33		.;Gain of phosphorylation at T827 (P = 0.0946);
MVP		0.31
MPC		0.091
ClinPred		0.078	T
GERP RS		-2.1
Varity_R		0.15
gMVP		0.32

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs876660545; hg19: chr16-23640993;