16-23630460-C-T

Position:

• chr16-23630460-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points: 2P and 4B. PM2 BP4_Strong

The ENST00000261584.9(PALB2):​c.1694G>A​(p.Ser565Asn) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,458,148 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 15/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. S565R) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PALB2 ENST00000261584.9 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -1.09

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.045193672).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.1694G>A	p.Ser565Asn	missense_variant	5/13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.1694G>A	p.Ser565Asn	missense_variant	5/13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2 AN: 1458148 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000276 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 725342

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000180

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Jun 09, 2023	The p.S565N variant (also known as c.1694G>A), located in coding exon 5 of the PALB2 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 1694. The serine at codon 565 is replaced by asparagine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This amino acid position is not well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Jan 06, 2022	This missense variant replaces serine with asparagine at codon 565 of the PALB2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with hereditary cancer in the literature. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Mar 29, 2024

- -

not provided Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Feb 28, 2024

Not observed in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge -

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Nov 07, 2022

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt PALB2 protein function. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 232674). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PALB2-related conditions. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces serine, which is neutral and polar, with asparagine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 565 of the PALB2 protein (p.Ser565Asn). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.071
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.41	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.82
CADD	Benign	0.51
DANN	Benign	0.65
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.0088	T;T
Eigen	Benign	-1.2
Eigen_PC	Benign	-1.2
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.038	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.23	T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.0089	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.045	T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.0	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.90	.;L
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	N
PrimateAI	Benign	0.27	T
PROVEAN	Benign	0.38	N;N
REVEL	Benign	0.050
Sift	Benign	0.66	T;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.88	T;T
Polyphen		0.0020	.;B
Vest4		0.093
MutPred		0.23		.;Loss of phosphorylation at S565 (P = 0.0277);
MVP		0.20
MPC		0.049
ClinPred		0.026	T
GERP RS		-1.1
Varity_R		0.019
gMVP		0.034

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs876659914; hg19: chr16-23641781;