16-23634861-C-A

Variant names:

• chr16-23634861-C-A
• rs1555461148
• NM_024675.4:c.1684+1G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 14 ACMG points: 14P and 0B. PVS1_Strong PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):​c.1684+1G>T variant causes a splice donor, intron change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000685 in 1,460,396 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PALB2 NM_024675.4 splice_donor, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.0930
• Publications: 1 publications found

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
• Fanconi anemia complementation group N

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
• pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• familial ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen
• Fanconi anemia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 14 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, product NOT destroyed by NMD, known LOF gene, truncates exone, which is 0.41364786 fraction of the gene. No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal is inframe change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 16-23634861-C-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr16-23634861-C-A is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 481027.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_024675.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PALB2	NM_024675.4	MANE Select	c.1684+1G>T		splice_donor intron	N/A	NP_078951.2
	PALB2	NM_001407296.1		c.1624+1G>T		splice_donor intron	N/A	NP_001394225.1
	PALB2	NM_001407297.1		c.1684+1G>T		splice_donor intron	N/A	NP_001394226.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.1684+1G>T		splice_donor intron	N/A	ENSP00000261584.4
	PALB2	ENST00000568219.5	TSL:1	c.799+1G>T		splice_donor intron	N/A	ENSP00000454703.2
	PALB2	ENST00000561514.3	TSL:5	c.1690+1G>T		splice_donor intron	N/A	ENSP00000460666.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.85e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1460396 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 726388

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33464

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44442

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26090

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39688

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86090

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.0000187 AC: 1 AN: 53344

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1111164

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60346

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions as Germline

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
2	-	-	Familial cancer of breast (2)
1	-	-	Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome (1)
1	-	-	not provided (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.60	D
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.54
CADD	Benign	19
DANN	Benign	0.73
Eigen	Uncertain	0.39
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.042
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.16	N
PhyloP100		0.093
GERP RS		3.3
Mutation Taster		=29/71	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.77
SpliceAI score (max)		0.94		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DL_spliceai		0.94		Position offset: 1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555461148; hg19: chr16-23646182;