16-23634887-G-C

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -3 ACMG points: 2P and 5B. PM2BP4_StrongBP6

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):c.1659C>G(p.His553Gln) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000186 in 1,613,654 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 16/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another nucleotide change resulting in the same amino acid substitution has been previously reported as Likely benign in ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. H553R) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PALB2
NM_024675.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:3B:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.610

Publications

5 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

hereditary breast carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
Fanconi anemia complementation group N
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
familial ovarian cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen
Fanconi anemia
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

PALB2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -3 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.046154797).

BP6

Variant 16-23634887-G-C is Benign according to our data. Variant chr16-23634887-G-C is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 187175.We mark this variant Likely_benign, oryginal submission is: [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4 link	c.1659C>G	p.His553Gln	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2	Q86YC2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9 link	c.1659C>G	p.His553Gln	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584.4		Q86YC2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

151978

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000242

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000398

AC:

AN:

251096

AF XY:

0.00

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000615

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000137

AC:

AN:

1461676

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000275

AC XY:

AN XY:

727112

show subpopulations

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Exomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000299

AC:

AN:

33478

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44714

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39694

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86246

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53402

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

8.99e-7

AC:

AN:

1111854

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60384

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD4 Exomes is highly skewed from 0.5 (p-value = 0.000000), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.350

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

151978

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74242

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000242

AC:

AN:

41350

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15264

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3462

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5200

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4828

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10564

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

67998

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2084

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.525

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.00000756

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.000228

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3Benign:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:1Benign:1

Nov 17, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Aug 01, 2023

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This missense variant replaces histidine with glutamine at codon 553 of the PALB2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with breast cancer (PMID: 23977390). This variant has been identified in 1/251096 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not specified

Uncertain:1

Jun 29, 2020

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: PALB2 c.1659C>G (p.His553Gln) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 3.9e-06 in 257958 control chromosomes (gnomAD and publication). The available data on variant occurrences in the general population are insufficient to allow any conclusion about variant significance. To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.1659C>G in individuals affected with Breast Cancer and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. Two ClinVar submitters (evaluation after 2014) cite the variant as uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Familial cancer of breast

Uncertain:1

Sep 23, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces histidine, which is basic and polar, with glutamine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 553 of the PALB2 protein (p.His553Gln). This variant is present in population databases (rs370318597, gnomAD 0.007%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with pancreatic cancer (PMID: 35171259). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 187175). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt PALB2 protein function with a negative predictive value of 80%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.10

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.47

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.72

CADD

Benign

5.8

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.68

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.0055

T;T

Eigen

Benign

-1.4

Eigen_PC

Benign

-1.5

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.033

LIST_S2

Benign

0.41

T;T

M_CAP

Benign

0.0097

MetaRNN

Benign

0.046

T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.95

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.0

.;N

PhyloP100

0.61

PrimateAI

Benign

0.37

PROVEAN

Benign

0.19

N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.0080

Sift

Benign

0.032

D;D

Sift4G

Benign

0.17

T;T

Polyphen

0.0020

.;B

Vest4

0.11

MutPred

0.18

.;Loss of sheet (P = 0.1158);

MVP

0.13

MPC

0.052

ClinPred

0.043

GERP RS

-5.1

Varity_R

0.067

gMVP

0.076

Mutation Taster

=98/2

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over