16-23634975-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1PM2PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):​c.1571C>G​(p.Ser524*) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,461,890 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. S524S) has been classified as Likely benign. Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

Frequency

Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PALB2
NM_024675.4 stop_gained

Scores

4
10

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:8

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.399

Publications

2 publications found
Variant links:
Genes affected
PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
PALB2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):
  • hereditary breast carcinoma
    Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
  • Fanconi anemia complementation group N
    Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
  • pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3
    Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
  • familial ovarian cancer
    Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen
  • Fanconi anemia
    Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
  • hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer
    Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.

PVS1
Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
PM2
Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;
PP5
Variant 16-23634975-G-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr16-23634975-G-C is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 143964.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene Transcript HGVSc HGVSp Effect Exon rank MANE Protein UniProt
PALB2NM_024675.4 linkc.1571C>G p.Ser524* stop_gained Exon 4 of 13 ENST00000261584.9 NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene Transcript HGVSc HGVSp Effect Exon rank TSL MANE Protein Appris UniProt
PALB2ENST00000261584.9 linkc.1571C>G p.Ser524* stop_gained Exon 4 of 13 1 NM_024675.4 ENSP00000261584.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes
Cov.:
32
GnomAD4 exome
AF:
0.00000137
AC:
2
AN:
1461890
Hom.:
0
Cov.:
32
AF XY:
0.00
AC XY:
0
AN XY:
727246
show subpopulations
African (AFR)
AF:
0.0000299
AC:
1
AN:
33480
American (AMR)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
44724
Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
26136
East Asian (EAS)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
39698
South Asian (SAS)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
86258
European-Finnish (FIN)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
53418
Middle Eastern (MID)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
5768
European-Non Finnish (NFE)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
1112012
Other (OTH)
AF:
0.0000166
AC:
1
AN:
60396
Allele Balance Distribution
Red line indicates average allele balance
Average allele balance: 0.475
Heterozygous variant carriers
0
1
1
2
2
3
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
0.95
Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het
Variant carriers
0
2
4
6
8
10
<30
30-35
35-40
40-45
45-50
50-55
55-60
60-65
65-70
70-75
75-80
>80
Age
GnomAD4 genome
Cov.:
32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic
Submissions summary: Pathogenic:8
Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast Pathogenic:4
Mar 22, 2023
Baylor Genetics
Significance:Pathogenic
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

May 13, 2019
Leiden Open Variation Database
Significance:Pathogenic
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:curation

Curators: Marc Tischkowitz, Arleen D. Auerbach. Submitter to LOVD: Marc Tischkowitz.

Sep 11, 2023
Myriad Genetics, Inc.
Significance:Pathogenic
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is considered pathogenic. This variant creates a termination codon and is predicted to result in premature protein truncation.

Jan 02, 2025
Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp
Significance:Pathogenic
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Ser524*) in the PALB2 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in PALB2 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 17200668, 17200671, 17200672, 24136930, 25099575). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with breast cancer (PMID: 25099575, 27469594). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 143964). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic.

not provided Pathogenic:3
Oct 25, 2024
GeneDx
Significance:Pathogenic
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Nonsense variant predicted to result in protein truncation or nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss-of-function is a known mechanism of disease; Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); Truncating variants in this gene are considered pathogenic by a well-established clinical consortium and/or database; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25099575, 27469594, 28194609, 33646313, 32191290, 30130155, 34308104)

SNPedia
Significance:Pathogenic
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:literature only

Mar 30, 2017
Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano
Significance:Pathogenic
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:1
Jul 07, 2023
Ambry Genetics
Significance:Pathogenic
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.S524* pathogenic mutation (also known as c.1571C>G), located in coding exon 4 of the PALB2 gene, results from a C to G substitution at nucleotide position 1571. This changes the amino acid from a serine to a stop codon within coding exon 4. This alteration was reported as a loss of function mutation in a breast cancer patient (Antoniou AC et al. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014 Aug;371:497-506), and later in two unrelated individuals with early onset breast cancer and a family history of breast cancer (Donenberg T et al. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 2016 Aug;159:131-8). In addition to the clinical data presented in the literature, this alteration is expected to result in loss of function by premature protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
BayesDel_addAF
Pathogenic
0.60
D
BayesDel_noAF
Pathogenic
0.26
CADD
Pathogenic
26
DANN
Benign
0.95
DEOGEN2
Benign
0.0
.;.
Eigen
Benign
-0.20
Eigen_PC
Benign
-0.52
FATHMM_MKL
Benign
0.095
N
LIST_S2
Benign
0.0
.;.
MetaRNN
Benign
0.0
.;.
MutationAssessor
Benign
0.0
.;.
PhyloP100
0.40
PROVEAN
Benign
0.0
.;.
REVEL
Benign
0.0
Sift
Pathogenic
0.0
.;.
Sift4G
Pathogenic
0.0
.;.
Vest4
0.88
GERP RS
1.7
RBP_binding_hub_radar
0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar
1.1
Mutation Taster
=0/200
disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)
0.0
Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs587776413; hg19: chr16-23646296; API