16-23635304-T-G

Variant names:

• chr16-23635304-T-G
• rs875989795
• NM_024675.4:c.1242A>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -11 ACMG points: 2P and 13B. PM2 BP4_Strong BP6_Very_Strong BP7

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):​c.1242A>C​(p.Arg414Arg) variant causes a synonymous change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000205 in 1,461,808 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely benign (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. R414R) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000021 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PALB2 NM_024675.4 synonymous
• Clinical Significance: Benign/Likely benign criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts B:7
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.939
• Publications: 1 publications found

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
• Fanconi anemia complementation group N

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
• pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• familial ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen
• Fanconi anemia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -11 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.8).
• BP6: Variant 16-23635304-T-G is Benign according to our data. Variant chr16-23635304-T-G is described in ClinVar as Benign/Likely_benign. ClinVar VariationId is 225858.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• BP7: Synonymous conserved (PhyloP=-0.939 with no splicing effect.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.1242A>C	p.Arg414Arg	synonymous_variant	Exon 4 of 13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.1242A>C	p.Arg414Arg	synonymous_variant	Exon 4 of 13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000399 AC: 1 AN: 250808 AF XY: 0.00000737

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000882

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000205 AC: 3 AN: 1461808 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 727200

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39698

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.0000116 AC: 1 AN: 86258

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53340

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000180 AC: 2 AN: 1112008

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60396

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Benign/Likely benign

Submissions summary: Benign:7

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast Benign:3

Jan 17, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 13, 2025

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is considered benign. This variant is a silent/synonymous amino acid change and it is not expected to impact splicing. -

Jun 01, 2015

Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: case-control

- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Benign:2

Nov 30, 2018

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 05, 2016

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

not provided Benign:1

Mar 19, 2019

GeneDx

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 26283626) -

Malignant tumor of breast Benign:1

-

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

The PALB2 p.Arg414= variant was identified in an Australian population based study in 1 of 3996 chromosomes from healthy individuals (frequency: 0.000) and was not identified in 3992 proband chromosomes from individuals with breast or ovarian cancer (Thompson_2015_26283626). The variant was also identified in ClinVar (classified likely benign by GeneDx and Ambry Genetics), Clinvitae (2x) and in control databases in 1 of 245888 chromosomes at a frequency of 0.000004 (Genome Aggregation Database Feb 27, 2017). Breakdown of the observations by population include European Non-Finnish in 1 of 111408 chromosomes (freq: 0.000009), while not observed in the African, Other, Latino, Ashkenazi Jewish, East Asian, European Finnish, and South Asian populations. The variant was not identified in Cosmic, MutDB, LOVD 3.0, or Zhejiang Colon Cancer Database. The p.Arg414= variant is not expected to have clinical significance because it does not result in a change of amino acid and is not located in a known consensus splice site. In summary, based on the above information the clinical significance of this variant cannot be determined with certainty at this time although we would lean towards a more benign role for this variant. This variant is classified as likely benign. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.80
CADD	Benign	6.9
DANN	Benign	0.67
PhyloP100		-0.94

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs875989795; hg19: chr16-23646625;