16-23635333-G-C

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points: 0P and 1B. BP6

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):c.1213C>G(p.Pro405Ala) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000743 in 1,614,024 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. P405L) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000026 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000055 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PALB2
NM_024675.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:1U:6B:2

Conservation

PhyloP100: 6.80

Publications

12 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

hereditary breast carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
Fanconi anemia complementation group N
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
familial ovarian cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen
Fanconi anemia
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

PALB2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points.

BP6

Variant 16-23635333-G-C is Benign according to our data. Variant chr16-23635333-G-C is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 410151.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4 link	c.1213C>G	p.Pro405Ala	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9 link	c.1213C>G	p.Pro405Ala	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000263

AC:

AN:

152176

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000770

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000239

AC:

AN:

250844

AF XY:

0.0000147

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000326

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000547

AC:

AN:

1461730

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000413

AC XY:

AN XY:

727172

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26134

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000202

AC:

AN:

39698

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53280

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1111996

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60392

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.500

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000263

AC:

AN:

152294

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000269

AC XY:

AN XY:

74460

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41560

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15298

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000772

AC:

AN:

5182

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4832

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10606

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68030

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2110

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.450

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000340

ExAC

AF:

0.0000330

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1Uncertain:6Benign:2

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast

Uncertain:2Benign:1

Dec 17, 2023

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Aug 17, 2023

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is considered likely benign. This variant is strongly associated with less severe personal and family histories of cancer, typical for individuals without pathogenic variants in this gene [PMID: 25085752].

Dec 02, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces proline, which is neutral and non-polar, with alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 405 of the PALB2 protein (p.Pro405Ala). This variant is present in population databases (rs545119348, gnomAD 0.03%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with breast cancer and/or colorectal cancer (PMID: 27978560, 28825143, 33309985, 33811135). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 410151). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt PALB2 protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change does not substantially affect PALB2 function (PMID: 33811135, 35853885). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:1Benign:1

May 08, 2023

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This missense variant replaces proline with alanine at codon 405 of the PALB2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in an individual with breast cancer (PMID: 28825143) and in an individual with colon cancer (PMID: 27978560). In large cancer case-control studies, this variant has not shown a significant association with breast cancer (PMID: 33471991) or colorectal cancer (PMID: 33309985). This variant has been identified in 7/282248 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

Apr 16, 2021

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity.

Ovarian cancer

Pathogenic:1

Jan 01, 2022

Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:flagged submission

Collection Method:clinical testing

PALB2-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Jan 26, 2023

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The PALB2 c.1213C>G variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Pro405Ala. This variant has been reported in an individual with breast cancer, but has also been reported in controls from a breast cancer cohort study and a colorectal cancer cohort study (Zhang et al. 2017. PubMed ID: 28825143; Table S1, Momozama et al. 2018. PubMed ID: 30287823; Table S5, Fujita et al. 2020. PubMed ID: 33309985). In vitro experimental studies suggest this variant does not impact PAMB2 chromatin association (Bleuyard et al. 2017. PubMed ID: 29387807). This variant is reported in 0.035% of alleles in individuals of East Asian descent in gnomAD (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/16-23646654-G-C) and has conflicting interpretations of likely benign and uncertain significance (https://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/410151/). At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence.

Breast and/or ovarian cancer

Uncertain:1

Sep 23, 2022

CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 5

Uncertain:1

Dec 30, 2019

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.28

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.044

BayesDel_noAF

Uncertain

0.0

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.20

T;D

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.86

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.85

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.98

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.91

D;D

M_CAP

Benign

0.081

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.65

D;D

MetaSVM

Uncertain

-0.12

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.0

.;M

PhyloP100

6.8

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.60

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-6.0

D;D

REVEL

Benign

0.0

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.046

D;D

Vest4

0.65

ClinPred

0.74

GERP RS

5.7

Varity_R

0.73

gMVP

0.70

Mutation Taster

=69/31

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over