16-23635334-A-C

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points: 3P and 0B. PM2PP3

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):c.1212T>G(p.Phe404Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000274 in 1,461,758 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another nucleotide change resulting in the same amino acid substitution has been previously reported as Uncertain significance in ClinVar.

Frequency

Genomes: not found (cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000027 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PALB2
NM_024675.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.861

Publications

3 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

hereditary breast carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
Fanconi anemia complementation group N
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
familial ovarian cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen
Fanconi anemia
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

PALB2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.798

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4 link	c.1212T>G	p.Phe404Leu	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9 link	c.1212T>G	p.Phe404Leu	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

Cov.:

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000797

AC:

AN:

250904

AF XY:

0.0000147

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000882

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000274

AC:

AN:

1461758

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000413

AC XY:

AN XY:

727188

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000447

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26134

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39698

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53300

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000180

AC:

AN:

1112006

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60390

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.475

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

Cov.:

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000116

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Dec 01, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.F404L variant (also known as c.1212T>G), located in coding exon 4 of the PALB2 gene, results from a T to G substitution at nucleotide position 1212. The phenylalanine at codon 404 is replaced by leucine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. A functional analysis assessing the impact of missense alterations in the PALB2 chromatin association motif (ChAM) demonstrated that this alteration does not appear to impair or hinder chromatin association (Bleuyard JY et al. Wellcome Open Res, 2017 Nov;2:110). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Sep 05, 2018

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

PALB2-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Jun 19, 2023

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The PALB2 c.1212T>G variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Phe404Leu. To our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with PALB2-related disorders. A functional study of this variant showed no obvious defects on chromatin association (Bleuyard JY et al 2017. PubMed ID: 29387807). This variant is reported in 0.0029% of alleles in individuals of Latino descent in gnomAD (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/16-23646655-A-C). In ClinVar, this variant is classified as uncertain (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/410195/). At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Jul 13, 2020

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Published functional studies demonstrated no obvious defect in chromatin association (Bleuyard et al., 2017); Not observed at a significant frequency in large population cohorts (Lek et al., 2016); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 29387807) -

Familial cancer of breast

Uncertain:1

Oct 16, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces phenylalanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 404 of the PALB2 protein (p.Phe404Leu). This variant is present in population databases (rs148921082, gnomAD 0.003%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PALB2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 410195). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt PALB2 protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change does not substantially affect PALB2 function (PMID: 29387807, 33964450). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.93

BayesDel_addAF

Uncertain

0.076

BayesDel_noAF

Uncertain

-0.050

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.19

T;D

Eigen

Uncertain

0.49

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.44

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.86

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.88

D;D

M_CAP

Benign

0.054

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.80

D;D

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.58

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.2

.;M

PhyloP100

0.86

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.57

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-4.6

D;D

REVEL

Benign

0.28

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D

Sift4G

Benign

0.17

T;T

Polyphen

1.0

.;D

Vest4

0.75

MutPred

0.64

.;Gain of disorder (P = 0.0565);

MVP

0.56

MPC

0.37

ClinPred

0.99

GERP RS

4.5

Varity_R

0.72

gMVP

0.55

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over