16-23635806-G-C

Position:

• chr16-23635806-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points: 0P and 2B. BP4_Moderate

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):​c.740C>G​(p.Thr247Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000212 in 1,461,870 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 14/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000021 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PALB2 NM_024675.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:8 B:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.783

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points.

• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.20431718).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.740C>G	p.Thr247Arg	missense_variant	4/13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.740C>G	p.Thr247Arg	missense_variant	4/13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251278 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000736 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 135876

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000880

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000212 AC: 31 AN: 1461870 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.0000234 AC XY: 17 AN XY: 727236

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.0000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000261

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

TwinsUK AF: 0.00 AC: 0

ALSPAC AF: 0.000259 AC: 1

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:8 Benign:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:5

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Dec 18, 2023	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Jan 28, 2024	This sequence change replaces threonine, which is neutral and polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 247 of the PALB2 protein (p.Thr247Arg). This variant is present in population databases (rs587782658, gnomAD 0.0009%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with breast cancer (PMID: 26283626, 26315354). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 142706). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Mar 31, 2023	This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance as there is insufficient evidence to determine its impact on protein function and/or cancer risk. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	case-control	Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre	Jun 01, 2015	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Aug 23, 2017	- -

not provided Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Dec 19, 2023	Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 28779002, 26283626, 26315354, 19369211, 32546565) -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp	Apr 25, 2016	Variant summary: The c.740C>G variant affects a non-conserved nucleotide, resulting in amino acid change from Thr to Arg. 3/4 in-silico tools predict this variant to be damaging (SNPs&GO not captured due to low reliability index). This variant is not found in 125258 control chromosomes. This variant has been detected in one BrC pt without strong evidence for causality (Thompson_BCR_2015). In addition, one clinical laboratory/reputable database classified this variant as VUS, without evidence to independently evaluate. Because of the lack of clinical information and functional studies, the variant was classified as a variant of uncertain significance (VUS) until additional information becomes available. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1 Benign:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Feb 22, 2019	- -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Dec 09, 2023	This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.14
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.19	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.51
CADD	Benign	12
DANN	Benign	0.97
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.25	T
Eigen	Benign	-0.31
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.47
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.26	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.52	T
M_CAP	Benign	0.020	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.20	T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.1	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.3	L
PrimateAI	Benign	0.24	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.6	D
REVEL	Benign	0.065
Sift	Uncertain	0.0090	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.036	D
Polyphen		0.97	D
Vest4		0.15
MutPred		0.24		Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0105);
MVP		0.45
MPC		0.21
ClinPred		0.29	T
GERP RS		2.9
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.1
Varity_R		0.082
gMVP		0.28

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs587782658; hg19: chr16-23647127;