16-23636008-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 6P and 4B. PM1PM2PM5BP4_Strong

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):c.538G>A(p.Glu180Lys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000031 in 1,614,096 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 13/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. E180*FL?) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000027 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PALB2
NM_024675.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:4

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.432

Variant links:

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 3 benign, 16 uncertain in NM_024675.4

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr16-23636007-TC-AAAGGAACTA is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 825690.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.056339115).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.538G>A	p.Glu180Lys	missense_variant	4/13	ENST00000261584.9

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9 linkuse as main transcript	c.538G>A	p.Glu180Lys	missense_variant	4/13	1	NM_024675.4	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152104

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.00000398

AC:

AN:

251448

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.00000736

AC XY:

AN XY:

135898

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.0000327

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000274

AC:

AN:

1461874

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000275

AC XY:

AN XY:

727236

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000116

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000180

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152222

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000134

AC XY:

AN XY:

74428

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Nov 09, 2023	The p.E180K variant (also known as c.538G>A), located in coding exon 4 of the PALB2 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 538. The glutamic acid at codon 180 is replaced by lysine, an amino acid with similar properties. In a study of 68 non-Jewish women from Israel diagnosed with breast or ovarian cancer, this alteration was detected and classified as a variant of unknown significance in one Muslim woman. Specific details about her clinical history were not provided (Zidan J et al. Breast Cancer Res. Treat., 2017 Dec;166:881-885). This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Dec 13, 2018	- -

Familial cancer of breast

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Mendelics	May 28, 2019	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Oct 09, 2023	This sequence change replaces glutamic acid, which is acidic and polar, with lysine, which is basic and polar, at codon 180 of the PALB2 protein (p.Glu180Lys). This variant is present in population databases (rs750782778, gnomAD 0.003%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer (PMID: 28828701). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 186268). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant¬†is likely to be tolerated. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.099

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.29

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.56

Cadd

Benign

Dann

Uncertain

0.99

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.21

Eigen

Benign

-0.86

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.91

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.10

LIST_S2

Benign

0.72

M_CAP

Benign

0.0094

MetaRNN

Benign

0.056

MetaSVM

Benign

-1.0

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.6

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

PrimateAI

Benign

0.28

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.3

REVEL

Benign

0.012

Sift

Benign

0.14

Sift4G

Benign

0.34

Polyphen

0.38

Vest4

0.29

MutPred

0.20

Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.004);

MVP

0.33

MPC

0.061

ClinPred

0.071

GERP RS

2.0

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

2.1

Varity_R

0.025

gMVP

0.21

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over