16-23636035-A-T

Variant names:

• chr16-23636035-A-T
• rs863224790
• ENST00000568219.5:c.-375T>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2 BP4_Moderate

The ENST00000568219.5(PALB2):​c.-375T>A variant causes a 5 prime UTR premature start codon gain change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: PALB2 ENST00000568219.5 5_prime_UTR_premature_start_codon_gain
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.54
• Publications: 3 publications found

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
• Fanconi anemia complementation group N

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
• pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• familial ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen
• Fanconi anemia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.17281383).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.511T>A	p.Leu171Met	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.511T>A	p.Leu171Met	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:1

May 28, 2015

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be tolerated, but these predictions have not been confirmed by published functional studies. This variant has not been published in the literature and is not present in population databases. In summary, this is a novel missense change that is not predicted to affect protein function or cause disease. However the evidence is insufficient at this time to prove that conclusively. It has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. This sequence change replaces leucine with methionine at codon 171 of the PALB2 protein (p.Leu171Met). The leucine residue is moderately conserved and there is a small physicochemical difference between leucine and methionine.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.16
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.18	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.49
CADD	Benign	20
DANN	Benign	0.87
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.27	T
Eigen	Benign	-0.48
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.68
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.048	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.66	T
M_CAP	Benign	0.0077	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.17	T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.1	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.6	M
PhyloP100		1.5
PrimateAI	Benign	0.29	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-0.79	N
REVEL	Benign	0.13
Sift	Benign	0.054	T
Sift4G	Benign	0.096	T
Vest4		0.29
ClinPred		0.19	T
GERP RS		0.94
Varity_R		0.055
gMVP		0.083

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs863224790; hg19: chr16-23647356;