16-23636146-C-T

Position:

chr16-23636146-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -5 ACMG points: 0P and 5B. BP4_StrongBP6

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):c.400G>A(p.Asp134Asn) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000242 in 1,612,724 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 1 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 14/20 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. D134E) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0015 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00011 ( 1 hom. )

Consequence

PALB2
NM_024675.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:1B:15

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.0800

Variant links:

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -5 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.004504204).

BP6

Variant 16-23636146-C-T is Benign according to our data. Variant chr16-23636146-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 126749.We mark this variant Likely_benign, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_benign=8, Uncertain_significance=1, Benign=5}. Variant chr16-23636146-C-T is described in Lovd as [Likely_benign].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.400G>A	p.Asp134Asn	missense_variant	4/13	ENST00000261584.9

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9 linkuse as main transcript	c.400G>A	p.Asp134Asn	missense_variant	4/13	1	NM_024675.4	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00149

AC:

227

AN:

151876

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00532

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.000197

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00144

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.000303

AC:

AN:

250744

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.000177

AC XY:

AN XY:

135498

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00437

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.000116

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000880

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000112

AC:

164

AN:

1460730

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000936

AC XY:

AN XY:

726560

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00402

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.000225

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000180

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.000298

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00149

AC:

227

AN:

151994

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00137

AC XY:

102

AN XY:

74296

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00530

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.000197

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00143

Alfa

AF:

0.000240

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.00153

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00546

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.000436

AC:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.000289

AC:

AN:

3478

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1Benign:15

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast

Uncertain:1Benign:4

Likely benign, no assertion criteria provided	curation	Leiden Open Variation Database	May 13, 2019	Curators: Marc Tischkowitz, Arleen D. Auerbach. Submitter to LOVD: Marc Tischkowitz. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	case-control	Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre	Jun 01, 2015	- -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Oct 03, 2016	- -
Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Mar 31, 2023	This variant is considered benign. This variant is strongly associated with less severe personal and family histories of cancer, typical for individuals without pathogenic variants in this gene [PMID: 25085752]. This variant has been observed in trans with a known pathogenic variant in one or more individuals lacking clinical features consistent with gene-specific recessive disease. -
Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Feb 01, 2024	- -

not provided

Benign:5

Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano	Sep 05, 2022	- -
Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp	May 22, 2017	Variant summary: The PALB2 c.400G>A (p.Asp134Asn) variant involves the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide and 5/5 in silico tools predict a benign outcome. However, these predictions have yet to be functionally assessed. This variant was found in 54/125366 control chromosomes, predominantly observed in the African cohort at a frequency of 0.004997 (52/10406). This frequency is about 32 times the estimated maximal expected allele frequency of a pathogenic PALB2 variant (0.0001563). Therefore, suggesting this is likely a benign polymorphism found primarily in population(s) of African origin. Multiple publications have cited the variant in affected individuals, however, with limited information (ie, lack of co-occurrence and/or cosegregation data). An internal LCA sample reports the variant to co-occur with a pathogenic PMS2 variant, c.2186_2187delTC (p.Leu729fs - classified as pathogenic by LCA). In addition, multiple clinical diagnostic laboratories/reputable databases classified this variant as "likely benign/benign." Taken together, this variant is classified as benign. -
Likely benign, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System	-	The PALB2 p.Asp134Asn variant was identified in 5 of 8290 proband chromosomes (frequency: 0.0006) from individuals or families with breast cancer or Lynch syndrome and was present in 1 of 4520 control chromosomes (frequency: 0.0003) from healthy individuals (Thompson 2015, Tung 2016, Yadav 2017, Yurgelun 2015, Zheng 2012). The variant was identified in dbSNP (ID: rs139555085) as â€šÃ„ÃºWith other alleleâ€šÃ„Ã¹, ClinVar (classified as benign by Invitae, Ambry Genetics and Integrated Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America; as likely benign by GeneDx, Counsyl, Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano and Color; as uncertain significance by Cancer Genetics Laboratory/Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; and as likely pathogenic by PALB2 database) and LOVD 3.0. The variant was also identified in control databases in 116 of 276502 chromosomes at a frequency of 0.0004 (Genome Aggregation Database Feb 27, 2017), observed in the following populations: African in 110 of 24004 chromosomes (freq: 0.005, increasing the likelihood this could be a low frequency benign variant), Latino in 5 of 34282 chromosomes (freq: 0.0001) and European in 1 of 126534 chromosomes (freq: 0.000008); it was not observed in the Other, Ashkenazi Jewish, East Asian, Finnish, or South Asian populations. The p.Asp134 residue is not conserved in mammals and 5 of 5 computational analyses (PolyPhen-2, SIFT, AlignGVGD, BLOSUM, MutationTaster) do not suggest a high likelihood the Asn variant impacts the protein; however, this information is not predictive enough to rule out pathogenicity. The variant occurs outside of the splicing consensus sequence and 4 of 4 in silico or computational prediction software programs (SpliceSiteFinder, MaxEntScan, NNSPLICE, GeneSplicer) do not predict a difference in splicing. In summary, based on the above information, the clinical significance of this variant cannot be determined with certainty at this time although we would lean towards a more benign role for this variant. This variant is classified as likely benign. -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Sep 16, 2020	This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 31757951, 23555315, 28767289, 27878467, 25186627, 25980754, 26283626, 26979391, 21932393, 32659497) -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen	Jul 01, 2024	PALB2: BP1, BP4, BS3:Supporting -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Benign:3

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	curation	Sema4, Sema4	Jul 01, 2021	- -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Sep 23, 2015	- -
Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Jun 05, 2015	This alteration is classified as benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

not specified

Benign:1

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Jan 04, 2022

- -

Breast and/or ovarian cancer

Benign:1

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

May 26, 2021

- -

Hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome

Benign:1

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

National Health Laboratory Service, Universitas Academic Hospital and University of the Free State

Apr 19, 2022

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.098

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.72

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.81

CADD

Benign

DANN

Benign

0.88

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.11

Eigen

Benign

-0.94

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.93

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.052

LIST_S2

Benign

0.63

MetaRNN

Benign

0.0045

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.95

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.6

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

PrimateAI

Benign

0.23

PROVEAN

Benign

-0.30

REVEL

Benign

0.041

Sift

Benign

0.38

Sift4G

Benign

0.49

Polyphen

0.019

Vest4

0.12

MVP

0.24

MPC

0.089

ClinPred

0.00066

GERP RS

1.8

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.1

Varity_R

0.019

gMVP

0.048

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.030

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over