16-68812219-G-C

Variant names:

• chr16-68812219-G-C
• rs1555515742
• NM_004360.5:c.1093G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2

The NM_004360.5(CDH1):​c.1093G>C​(p.Val365Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. V365I) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: CDH1 NM_004360.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.31
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

CDH1 (HGNC:1748): (cadherin 1) This gene encodes a classical cadherin of the cadherin superfamily. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate the mature glycoprotein. This calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion protein is comprised of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region and a highly conserved cytoplasmic tail. Mutations in this gene are correlated with gastric, breast, colorectal, thyroid and ovarian cancer. Loss of function of this gene is thought to contribute to cancer progression by increasing proliferation, invasion, and/or metastasis. The ectodomain of this protein mediates bacterial adhesion to mammalian cells and the cytoplasmic domain is required for internalization. This gene is present in a gene cluster with other members of the cadherin family on chromosome 16. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

CDH1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• blepharocheilodontic syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Illumina, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
• CDH1-related diffuse gastric and lobular breast cancer syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, G2P
• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• hereditary diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Orphanet
• cleft soft palate

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• orofacial cleft 3

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• blepharocheilodontic syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• familial ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CDH1	NM_004360.5	c.1093G>C	p.Val365Leu	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 16	ENST00000261769.10	NP_004351.1
CDH1	NM_001317184.2	c.1093G>C	p.Val365Leu	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 15		NP_001304113.1
CDH1	NM_001317185.2	c.-523G>C		5_prime_UTR_variant	Exon 8 of 16		NP_001304114.1
CDH1	NM_001317186.2	c.-727G>C		5_prime_UTR_variant	Exon 8 of 15		NP_001304115.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CDH1	ENST00000261769.10	c.1093G>C	p.Val365Leu	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 16	1	NM_004360.5	ENSP00000261769.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma Uncertain:1

Sep 09, 2021

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces valine with leucine at codon 365 of the CDH1 protein (p.Val365Leu). The valine residue is highly conserved and there is a small physicochemical difference between valine and leucine. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with CDH1-related conditions. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Feb 13, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.V365L variant (also known as c.1093G>C), located in coding exon 8 of the CDH1 gene, results from a G to C substitution at nucleotide position 1093. The valine at codon 365 is replaced by leucine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.66
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.013	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.22
CADD	Benign	20
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.31	T;T;T;.;.
Eigen	Benign	0.025
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.042
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.94	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.87	D;D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.042	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.72	D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.59	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.5	L;.;.;.;L
PhyloP100		3.3
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.49	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.9	N;.;.;.;N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.41
Sift	Benign	0.052	T;.;.;.;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.21	T;T;T;T;T
Polyphen		0.98	D;.;.;.;.
Vest4		0.63
MutPred		0.58		Loss of glycosylation at T364 (P = 0.116);Loss of glycosylation at T364 (P = 0.116);Loss of glycosylation at T364 (P = 0.116);Loss of glycosylation at T364 (P = 0.116);Loss of glycosylation at T364 (P = 0.116);
MVP		0.80
MPC		0.60
ClinPred		0.69	D
GERP RS		4.0
Varity_R		0.39
gMVP		0.62

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.050		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555515742; hg19: chr16-68846122; COSMIC: COSV55745612;