16-68822189-G-A

Position:

• chr16-68822189-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 4P and 2B. PM2 PM5 BP4_Moderate

The NM_004360.5(CDH1):​c.1900G>A​(p.Ala634Thr) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000248 in 1,613,926 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 13/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. A634V) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 (0 hom., cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000021 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: CDH1 NM_004360.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 2.13

Genes affected

CDH1 (HGNC:1748): (cadherin 1) This gene encodes a classical cadherin of the cadherin superfamily. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate the mature glycoprotein. This calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion protein is comprised of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region and a highly conserved cytoplasmic tail. Mutations in this gene are correlated with gastric, breast, colorectal, thyroid and ovarian cancer. Loss of function of this gene is thought to contribute to cancer progression by increasing proliferation, invasion, and/or metastasis. The ectodomain of this protein mediates bacterial adhesion to mammalian cells and the cytoplasmic domain is required for internalization. This gene is present in a gene cluster with other members of the cadherin family on chromosome 16. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

(HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr16-68822190-C-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.15186283).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CDH1	NM_004360.5	c.1900G>A	p.Ala634Thr	missense_variant	12/16	ENST00000261769.10	NP_004351.1
CDH1	NM_001317184.2	c.1717G>A	p.Ala573Thr	missense_variant	11/15		NP_001304113.1
CDH1	NM_001317185.2	c.352G>A	p.Ala118Thr	missense_variant	12/16		NP_001304114.1
CDH1	NM_001317186.2	c.-66G>A		5_prime_UTR_variant	11/15		NP_001304115.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CDH1	ENST00000261769.10	c.1900G>A	p.Ala634Thr	missense_variant	12/16	1	NM_004360.5	ENSP00000261769	P1
	ENST00000563916.1	n.263+1075C>T		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant		4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.00000658 AC: 1 AN: 152044 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000147

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000205 AC: 3 AN: 1461882 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727244

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000116

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000180

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.00000658 AC: 1 AN: 152044 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.0000135 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 74266

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Feb 13, 2023	This missense variant replaces alanine with threonine at codon 634 of the CDH1 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with hereditary cancer in the literature. A different missense variant at this codon, c.1901C>T (p.Ala634Val), is considered disease-causing in ClinVar with reported impact on the variant protein and mRNA splicing (ClinVar variation ID: 12244). However, this variant c.1900G>A (p.Ala634Thr) is not predicted to impact protein function or mRNA splicing. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Jul 22, 2022	The p.A634T variant (also known as c.1900G>A), located in coding exon 12 of the CDH1 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 1900. The alanine at codon 634 is replaced by threonine, an amino acid with similar properties. This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Hereditary diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

May 27, 2023

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. This variant disrupts the p.Ala634 amino acid residue in CDH1. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 12588804, 17545690; Invitae). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be tolerated. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 406658). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with CDH1-related conditions. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with threonine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 634 of the CDH1 protein (p.Ala634Thr). -

not provided Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Apr 22, 2015

This variant is denoted CDH1 c.1900G>A at the cDNA level, p.Ala634Thr (A634T) at the protein level, and results in the change of an Alanine to a Threonine (GCG>ACG). This variant has not, to our knowledge, been published in the literature as pathogenic or benign. CDH1 Ala634Thr was not observed in approximately 6,500 individuals of European and African American ancestry in the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, indicating it is not a common benign variant in these populations. Since Alanine and Threonine differ in polarity, charge, size or other properties, this is considered a non-conservative amino acid substitution. CDH1 Ala634Thr occurs at a position that is conserved through mammals and is located in the Cadherin 5 and Extracellular domains (UniProt, Figueiredo 2013). In silico analyses are inconsistent regarding the effect this variant may have on protein structure and function. Based on currently available information, it is unclear whether CDH1 Ala634Thr is pathogenic or benign. We consider it to be a variant of uncertain significance. -

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

Mar 25, 2024

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.17
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.085	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.36
CADD	Benign	20
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.17	T;T;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.19
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.29
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.85	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.79	T;T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.024	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.15	T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.79	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.2	M;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	0.83	N;N
PrimateAI	Benign	0.43	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-0.48	N;.;N
REVEL	Benign	0.094
Sift	Benign	0.91	T;.;T
Sift4G	Benign	1.0	T;T;T
Polyphen		0.23	B;.;.
Vest4		0.22
MutPred		0.26		Gain of relative solvent accessibility (P = 0.09);.;.;
MVP		0.82
MPC		0.27
ClinPred		0.49	T
GERP RS		5.7
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.073
gMVP		0.35

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1060501240; hg19: chr16-68856092;