16-68828270-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points: 2P and 1B. PM1 BP6

The NM_004360.5(CDH1):c.2261A>G(p.Tyr754Cys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000112 in 1,614,026 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. Y754Y) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.000020 (0 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000010 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: CDH1 NM_004360.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:6 B:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.29

Genes affected

CDH1 (HGNC:1748): (cadherin 1) This gene encodes a classical cadherin of the cadherin superfamily. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate the mature glycoprotein. This calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion protein is comprised of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region and a highly conserved cytoplasmic tail. Mutations in this gene are correlated with gastric, breast, colorectal, thyroid and ovarian cancer. Loss of function of this gene is thought to contribute to cancer progression by increasing proliferation, invasion, and/or metastasis. The ectodomain of this protein mediates bacterial adhesion to mammalian cells and the cytoplasmic domain is required for internalization. This gene is present in a gene cluster with other members of the cadherin family on chromosome 16. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 2 benign, 15 uncertain in NM_004360.5
• BP6: Variant 16-68828270-A-G is Benign according to our data. Variant chr16-68828270-A-G is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 185915.We mark this variant Likely_benign, oryginal submissions are: {Uncertain_significance=6, Likely_benign=2}.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
CDH1	NM_004360.5	c.2261A>G	p.Tyr754Cys	missense_variant	14/16	ENST00000261769.10
CDH1	NM_001317184.2	c.2078A>G	p.Tyr693Cys	missense_variant	13/15
CDH1	NM_001317185.2	c.713A>G	p.Tyr238Cys	missense_variant	14/16
CDH1	NM_001317186.2	c.296A>G	p.Tyr99Cys	missense_variant	13/15

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
CDH1	ENST00000261769.10	c.2261A>G	p.Tyr754Cys	missense_variant	14/16	1	NM_004360.5	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.0000197 AC: 3 AN: 152172 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000441

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000795 AC: 2 AN: 251480 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 135914

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000176

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000103 AC: 15 AN: 1461854 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000688 AC XY: 5 AN XY: 727222

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000126

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.0000197 AC: 3 AN: 152172 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.0000135 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 74332

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.0000441

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00

Bravo AF: 0.00000756

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

EpiCase AF: 0.0000545

EpiControl AF: 0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:6 Benign:2

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:3

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Revvity Omics, Revvity	Jan 26, 2022	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano	Aug 15, 2023	To the best of our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in the published literature. The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.000059 (3/50806 chromosomes (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org)), is uninformative in the assessment of its pathogenicity. Analysis of this variant using bioinformatics tools for the prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on protein structure and function yielded conflicting predictions that this variant is benign or damaging. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Dec 29, 2022	Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 22252131, 15235021, 22850631) -

Hereditary diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma Uncertain:2 Benign:1

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Nov 06, 2023	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Mar 03, 2023	This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance as there is insufficient evidence to determine its impact on protein function and/or cancer risk. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Sep 14, 2016	- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1 Benign:1

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Mar 04, 2021	This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Jun 27, 2022	This missense variant replaces tyrosine with cysteine at codon 754 of the CDH1 protein. To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with hereditary cancer in the literature. This variant has been identified in 3/282888 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.36
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.20	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.050
Cadd	Pathogenic	27
Dann	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.50	D;T;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.66
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.69
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.97	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.92	D;D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.075	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.53	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.12	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.2	L;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.73	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-5.4	D;.;D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.57
Sift	Benign	0.15	T;.;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.17	T;T;T
Polyphen		1.0	D;.;.
Vest4		0.71
MutPred		0.47		Loss of phosphorylation at Y754 (P = 0.018);.;.;
MVP		0.93
MPC		1.0
ClinPred		0.97	D
GERP RS		5.8
Varity_R		0.28
gMVP		0.66

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs767613429; hg19: chr16-68862173; COSMIC: COSV99931924; COSMIC: COSV99931924;