16-78115066-C-G

Variant names:

• chr16-78115066-C-G
• rs373306276
• NM_016373.4:c.321C>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_016373.4(WWOX):​c.321C>G​(p.Tyr107*) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,880 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. Y107Y) has been classified as Likely benign. Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: WWOX NM_016373.4 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.338
• Publications: 1 publications found

Genes affected

WWOX (HGNC:12799): (WW domain containing oxidoreductase) This gene encodes a member of the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) protein family. This gene spans the FRA16D common chromosomal fragile site and appears to function as a tumor suppressor gene. Expression of the encoded protein is able to induce apoptosis, while defects in this gene are associated with multiple types of cancer. Disruption of this gene is also associated with autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 12. Disruption of a similar gene in mouse results in impaired steroidogenesis, additionally suggesting a metabolic function for the protein. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

WWOX Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• genetic developmental and epileptic encephalopathy

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 12

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, MODERATE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, Ambry Genetics
• developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 28

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, Ambry Genetics
• 46,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• undetermined early-onset epileptic encephalopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 16-78115066-C-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr16-78115066-C-G is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 1072064.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
WWOX	NM_016373.4	c.321C>G	p.Tyr107*	stop_gained	Exon 4 of 9	ENST00000566780.6	NP_057457.1
WWOX	NM_130791.5	c.321C>G	p.Tyr107*	stop_gained	Exon 4 of 6		NP_570607.1
WWOX	NR_120436.3	n.560C>G		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 4 of 6
WWOX	NM_001291997.2	c.-19C>G		5_prime_UTR_variant	Exon 3 of 8		NP_001278926.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
WWOX	ENST00000566780.6	c.321C>G	p.Tyr107*	stop_gained	Exon 4 of 9	1	NM_016373.4	ENSP00000457230.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461880 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 727238

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86256

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53418

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 8.99e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1112002

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60396

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ExAC AF: 0.00000828 AC: 1

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 12;C3463992:Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 1 Pathogenic:1

Sep 01, 2020

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Loss-of-function variants in WWOX are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 24456803, 25411445). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with WWOX-related conditions. This variant is present in population databases (rs373306276, ExAC 0.001%). This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Tyr107*) in the WWOX gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. -

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 28 Pathogenic:1

Sep 20, 2024

Kids Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: research

PVS1, PM2, PP5, PM3_Strong -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.63	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.28
CADD	Pathogenic	33
DANN	Benign	0.97
Eigen	Benign	-0.58
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.94
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.47	N
PhyloP100		-0.34
Vest4		0.94
GERP RS		-7.0
Mutation Taster		=5/195	disease causing (fs/PTC)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs373306276; hg19: chr16-78148963;