17-65536359-C-A

Position:

• chr17-65536359-C-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2

The NM_004655.4(AXIN2):​c.2102G>T​(p.Cys701Phe) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: AXIN2 NM_004655.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.49

Genes affected

AXIN2 (HGNC:904): (axin 2) The Axin-related protein, Axin2, presumably plays an important role in the regulation of the stability of beta-catenin in the Wnt signaling pathway, like its rodent homologs, mouse conductin/rat axil. In mouse, conductin organizes a multiprotein complex of APC (adenomatous polyposis of the colon), beta-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta, and conductin, which leads to the degradation of beta-catenin. Apparently, the deregulation of beta-catenin is an important event in the genesis of a number of malignancies. The AXIN2 gene has been mapped to 17q23-q24, a region that shows frequent loss of heterozygosity in breast cancer, neuroblastoma, and other tumors. Mutations in this gene have been associated with colorectal cancer with defective mismatch repair. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
AXIN2	NM_004655.4	c.2102G>T	p.Cys701Phe	missense_variant	8/11	ENST00000307078.10	NP_004646.3

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
AXIN2	ENST00000307078.10	c.2102G>T	p.Cys701Phe	missense_variant	8/11	1	NM_004655.4	ENSP00000302625	P1
AXIN2	ENST00000375702.5	c.1907G>T	p.Cys636Phe	missense_variant	6/9	1		ENSP00000364854
AXIN2	ENST00000618960.4	c.1907G>T	p.Cys636Phe	missense_variant	7/10	5		ENSP00000478916
AXIN2	ENST00000578251.1	n.324G>T		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	1/3	3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Oligodontia-cancer predisposition syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

May 31, 2022

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Tolerated"; PolyPhen-2: "Probably Damaging"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0"). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 422982). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with AXIN2-related conditions. This sequence change replaces cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, with phenylalanine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 701 of the AXIN2 protein (p.Cys701Phe). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). -

not provided Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Jan 03, 2017

This variant is denoted AXIN2 c.2102G>T at the cDNA level, p.Cys701Phe (C701F) at the protein level, and results in the change of a Cysteine to a Phenylalanine (TGT>TTT). This variant has not, to our knowledge, been published in the literature as pathogenic or benign. AXIN2 Cys701Phe was not observed in approximately 6,500 individuals of European and African American ancestry in the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, suggesting it is not a common benign variant in these populations. Since Cysteine and Phenylalanine differ in polarity, charge, size or other properties, this is considered a non-conservative amino acid substitution. AXIN2 Cys701Phe occurs at a position that is conserved in mammals and is located in the Exon 7 mutational hot spot (Salahshor 2005) . In silico analyses predict that this variant is probably damaging to protein structure and function. Based on currently available evidence, it is unclear whether AXIN2 Cys701Phe is a pathogenic or benign variant. We consider it to be a variant of uncertain significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Jan 11, 2022

The p.C701F variant (also known as c.2102G>T), located in coding exon 7 of the AXIN2 gene, results from a G to T substitution at nucleotide position 2102. The cysteine at codon 701 is replaced by phenylalanine, an amino acid with highly dissimilar properties. This amino acid position is conserved. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.39
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.33	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.24
CADD	Pathogenic	29
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.44	.;T;T
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.74
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.76
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.97	.;D;.
M_CAP	Benign	0.057	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.68	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.30	T
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.66	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.7	D;.;D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.54
Sift	Benign	0.041	D;.;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.056	T;T;T
Polyphen		1.0	.;D;D
Vest4		0.77
MutPred		0.39		Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.1063);.;.;
MVP		0.65
MPC		0.89
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		5.5
gMVP		0.37

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1060502130; hg19: chr17-63532477;