17-65537710-G-T

Variant names:

• chr17-65537710-G-T
• rs1555577987
• NM_004655.4:c.1326C>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Strong

The NM_004655.4(AXIN2):​c.1326C>A​(p.His442Gln) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. H442N) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 34)
• Consequence: AXIN2 NM_004655.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.24
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

AXIN2 (HGNC:904): (axin 2) The Axin-related protein, Axin2, presumably plays an important role in the regulation of the stability of beta-catenin in the Wnt signaling pathway, like its rodent homologs, mouse conductin/rat axil. In mouse, conductin organizes a multiprotein complex of APC (adenomatous polyposis of the colon), beta-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta, and conductin, which leads to the degradation of beta-catenin. Apparently, the deregulation of beta-catenin is an important event in the genesis of a number of malignancies. The AXIN2 gene has been mapped to 17q23-q24, a region that shows frequent loss of heterozygosity in breast cancer, neuroblastoma, and other tumors. Mutations in this gene have been associated with colorectal cancer with defective mismatch repair. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

AXIN2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• oligodontia-cancer predisposition syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• tooth agenesis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• craniosynostosis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.962

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
AXIN2	NM_004655.4	c.1326C>A	p.His442Gln	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 11	ENST00000307078.10	NP_004646.3

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
AXIN2	ENST00000307078.10	c.1326C>A	p.His442Gln	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 11	1	NM_004655.4	ENSP00000302625.5
AXIN2	ENST00000375702.5	c.1326C>A	p.His442Gln	missense_variant	Exon 5 of 9	1		ENSP00000364854.5
AXIN2	ENST00000618960.4	c.1326C>A	p.His442Gln	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 10	5		ENSP00000478916.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 34

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 37

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 34

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Oligodontia-cancer predisposition syndrome Uncertain:1

Jun 06, 2017

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Probably Damaging"; Align-GVGD: "Class C15"). This sequence change replaces histidine with glutamine at codon 442 of the AXIN2 protein (p.His442Gln). The histidine residue is highly conserved and there is a small physicochemical difference between histidine and glutamine. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with an AXIN2-related disease. In summary, this variant has uncertain impact on AXIN2 function. The available evidence is currently insufficient to determine its role in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.30	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.19
CADD	Uncertain	25
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.59	.;D;D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.54
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.52
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.94	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.93	.;D;.
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.49	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.96	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.44	D
PhyloP100		1.2
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.88	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.4	D;.;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.77
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;.;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.011	D;D;D
Polyphen		0.97	.;D;D
Vest4		0.92
MutPred		0.86		Gain of phosphorylation at S444 (P = 0.1854);Gain of phosphorylation at S444 (P = 0.1854);Gain of phosphorylation at S444 (P = 0.1854);
MVP		0.80
MPC		0.69
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		4.9
gMVP		0.55
Mutation Taster		=23/77	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555577987; hg19: chr17-63533828;