18-31521244-G-T

Variant names:

• chr18-31521244-G-T
• rs553299589
• NM_001943.5:c.523+1G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_001943.5(DSG2):​c.523+1G>T variant causes a splice donor, intron change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000138 in 1,451,740 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: DSG2 NM_001943.5 splice_donor, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.36
• Publications: 8 publications found

Genes affected

DSG2 (HGNC:3049): (desmoglein 2) This gene encodes a member of the desmoglein family and cadherin cell adhesion molecule superfamily of proteins. Desmogleins are calcium-binding transmembrane glycoprotein components of desmosomes, cell-cell junctions between epithelial, myocardial, and other cell types. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the mature glycoprotein. This gene is present in a gene cluster with other desmoglein gene family members on chromosome 18. Mutations in this gene have been associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, familial, 10. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

DSG2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 10

  Inheritance: AD, AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
• familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• dilated cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen
• dilated cardiomyopathy 1BB

  Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, LoF is a know mechanism of disease, No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal results in frameshift change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 18-31521244-G-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr18-31521244-G-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 1325803.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
DSG2	NM_001943.5	c.523+1G>T		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 5 of 14	ENST00000261590.13	NP_001934.2
DSG2	XM_047437315.1	c.-12+1G>T		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 6 of 15		XP_047293271.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
DSG2	ENST00000261590.13	c.523+1G>T		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 5 of 14	1	NM_001943.5	ENSP00000261590.8

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000420 AC: 1 AN: 238030 AF XY: 0.00000774

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000138 AC: 2 AN: 1451740 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000277 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 721696

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 32734

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 43472

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 25884

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39568

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.0000240 AC: 2 AN: 83250

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53022

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5712

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1108194

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 59904

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ExAC AF: 0.00000828 AC: 1

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 10 Pathogenic:2

Aug 10, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change affects a donor splice site in intron 5 of the DSG2 gene. It is expected to disrupt RNA splicing. Variants that disrupt the donor or acceptor splice site typically lead to a loss of protein function (PMID: 16199547), and loss-of-function variants in DSG2 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 17105751, 31386562). The frequency data for this variant in the population databases is considered unreliable, as metrics indicate poor data quality at this position in the gnomAD database. Disruption of this splice site has been observed in individuals with Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (PMID: 27532257, 30731207, 30790397, 31638835). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 1325803). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Oct 27, 2021

Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

_x000D_ Criteria applied: PVS1, PM2_SUP -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.55	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.10
CADD	Pathogenic	33
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.99
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.79
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
PhyloP100		6.4
GERP RS		5.6
Mutation Taster		=1/99	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.91
SpliceAI score (max)		1.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DG_spliceai		0.37		Position offset: -15
DS_DL_spliceai		1.0		Position offset: -1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs553299589; hg19: chr18-29101207;