Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1PM2PP5_Very_Strong
The NM_000527.5(LDLR):c.1168A>T(p.Lys390*) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.
LDLR (HGNC:6547): (low density lipoprotein receptor) The low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene family consists of cell surface proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis of specific ligands. The encoded protein is normally bound at the cell membrane, where it binds low density lipoprotein/cholesterol and is taken into the cell. Lysosomes release the cholesterol, which is made available for repression of microsomal enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. At the same time, a reciprocal stimulation of cholesterol ester synthesis takes place. Mutations in this gene cause the autosomal dominant disorder, familial hypercholesterolemia. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, May 2022]
LDLR Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):
hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1
Inheritance: AD, SD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, ClinGen
homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.
PVS1
Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
PM2
Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;
PP5
Variant 19-11111621-A-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-11111621-A-T is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 251694.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Lys390*) in the LDLR gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in LDLR are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 20809525, 28645073). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with familial hypercholesterolemia (PMID: 8535447, 36105085). This variant is also known as K369X. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 251694). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -