19-11120454-C-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 7 ACMG points: 7P and 0B. PM1PM2PM5PP3

The NM_000527.5(LDLR):c.2072C>T(p.Ser691Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000142 in 1,614,114 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. S691W) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000046 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000011 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

LDLR
NM_000527.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:1U:7

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.89

Variant links:

Genes affected

LDLR (HGNC:6547): (low density lipoprotein receptor) The low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene family consists of cell surface proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis of specific ligands. The encoded protein is normally bound at the cell membrane, where it binds low density lipoprotein/cholesterol and is taken into the cell. Lysosomes release the cholesterol, which is made available for repression of microsomal enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. At the same time, a reciprocal stimulation of cholesterol ester synthesis takes place. Mutations in this gene cause the autosomal dominant disorder, familial hypercholesterolemia. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

LDLR links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 7 ACMG points.

PM1

In a disulfide_bond (size 19) in uniprot entity LDLR_HUMAN there are 24 pathogenic changes around while only 0 benign (100%) in NM_000527.5

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr19-11120454-C-G is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.755

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
LDLR	NM_000527.5 link	c.2072C>T	p.Ser691Leu	missense_variant	Exon 14 of 18	ENST00000558518.6	NP_000518.1	P01130-1A0A024R7D5

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
LDLR	ENST00000558518.6 link	c.2072C>T	p.Ser691Leu	missense_variant	Exon 14 of 18	1	NM_000527.5	ENSP00000454071.1		P01130-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000394

AC:

AN:

152212

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000145

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000279

AC:

AN:

251196

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000442

AC XY:

AN XY:

135822

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000246

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.0000327

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000880

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000109

AC:

AN:

1461784

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000963

AC XY:

AN XY:

727200

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.0000896

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.0000504

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000116

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000719

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000166

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000460

AC:

AN:

152330

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000537

AC XY:

AN XY:

74482

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.000168

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Bravo

AF:

0.0000529

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.000227

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000330

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1Uncertain:7

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1

Pathogenic:1Uncertain:2

Aug 06, 2024

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This missense variant (also known as p.Ser670Leu in the mature protein) replaces serine with leucine at codon 691 of the LDLR protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may have deleterious impact on protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold >= 0.7, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with familial hypercholesterolemia (PMID: PMID: 28379029, 28965616). This variant has been identified in 8/282600 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Nov 05, 2016

Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

May 04, 2022

Mendelics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Familial hypercholesterolemia

Uncertain:2

Aug 30, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces serine, which is neutral and polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 691 of the LDLR protein (p.Ser691Leu). This variant is present in population databases (rs369943481, gnomAD 0.02%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with hypercholesterolemia (PMID: 28379029, 28965616; Invitae). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 403644). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be disruptive. This variant disrupts the p.Ser691 amino acid residue in LDLR. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been observed in individuals with LDLR-related conditions (PMID: 32770674), which suggests that this may be a clinically significant amino acid residue. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Nov 12, 2021

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

not specified

Uncertain:1

Nov 26, 2024

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: LDLR c.2072C>T (p.Ser691Leu) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the Epidermal growth factor-like domain (IPR000742) of the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 2.8e-05 in 251196 control chromosomes. The available data on variant occurrences in the general population are insufficient to allow any conclusion about variant significance. c.2072C>T has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with hypercholesterolemia (example: Tichy_2017, Pirillo_2017, Trinder_2020, Gratton_2023, Internal data). These data do not allow any conclusion about variant significance. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 28965616, 28379029, 33079599, 37409534, No_PMID).ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 403644). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Sep 17, 2024

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 28379029, 28965616) -

Cardiovascular phenotype

Uncertain:1

Mar 21, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.S691L variant (also known as c.2072C>T), located in coding exon 14 of the LDLR gene, results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 2072. The serine at codon 691 is replaced by leucine, an amino acid with dissimilar properties. This variant co-occurred with a second LDLR variant in an individual with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), and was also detected in an additional individual from a different FH cohort; however, clinical details were limited (Pirillo A et al. Atheroscler Suppl, 2017 Oct;29:17-24; Tichý L et al. Physiol Res, 2017 Apr;66:S47-S54). This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.30

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.21

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.36

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.89

D;.;.;.;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.34

Eigen_PC

Benign

0.16

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

1.0

D;D;D;D;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.91

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.76

D;D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.1

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.6

M;.;.;.;M

PrimateAI

Benign

0.42

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-5.5

D;D;D;D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.76

Sift

Uncertain

0.0010

D;D;D;D;D

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D;D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;.;.;.;.

Vest4

0.63

MVP

1.0

MPC

0.73

ClinPred

0.85

GERP RS

4.3

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.1

Varity_R

0.84

gMVP

0.96

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over