19-11129569-A-G

Variant names:

• chr19-11129569-A-G
• rs879255213
• NM_000527.5:c.2446A>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points: 3P and 0B. PM2 PP2

The NM_000527.5(LDLR):​c.2446A>G​(p.Lys816Glu) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. K816N) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
• Consequence: LDLR NM_000527.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.96
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

LDLR (HGNC:6547): (low density lipoprotein receptor) The low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene family consists of cell surface proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis of specific ligands. The encoded protein is normally bound at the cell membrane, where it binds low density lipoprotein/cholesterol and is taken into the cell. Lysosomes release the cholesterol, which is made available for repression of microsomal enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. At the same time, a reciprocal stimulation of cholesterol ester synthesis takes place. Mutations in this gene cause the autosomal dominant disorder, familial hypercholesterolemia. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

LDLR Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1

  Inheritance: AD, SD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, ClinGen
• homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 678 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 92 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 0.12407 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 0.59338 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1, homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
LDLR	NM_000527.5	c.2446A>G	p.Lys816Glu	missense_variant	Exon 17 of 18	ENST00000558518.6	NP_000518.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
LDLR	ENST00000558518.6	c.2446A>G	p.Lys816Glu	missense_variant	Exon 17 of 18	1	NM_000527.5	ENSP00000454071.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1 Uncertain:1

Nov 20, 2023

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This missense variant (also known as p.Lys795Glu in the mature protein) replaces lysine with glutamic acid at codon 816 of the LDLR protein. Computational prediction is inconclusive regarding the impact of this variant on protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold 0.5 < inconclusive < 0.7, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with LDLR-related disorders in the literature. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.18
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.17	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.0
CADD	Benign	22
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.90	D;.;.;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.26
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.14
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.91	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.87	D;D;D;T;D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.18	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.57	D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.77	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.7	M;.;.;.;M
PhyloP100		5.0
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.52	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.4	D;D;D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.69
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	D;D;D;D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0040	D;D;D;D;D
Polyphen		0.97	D;.;.;.;.
Vest4		0.37
MutPred		0.54		Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0052);.;.;.;Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0052);
MVP		0.99
MPC		0.66
ClinPred		0.98	D
GERP RS		3.7
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.1
Varity_R		0.35
gMVP		0.95
Mutation Taster		=14/86	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs879255213; hg19: chr19-11240245;