19-12899510-C-T

Variant names:

• chr19-12899510-C-T
• rs745360675
• NM_000159.4:c.1286C>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 9 ACMG points: 9P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP3_Strong PP5

The NM_000159.4(GCDH):​c.1286C>T​(p.Thr429Met) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000479 in 1,461,862 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000048 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: GCDH NM_000159.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:5 U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.62

Genes affected

GCDH (HGNC:4189): (glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase) The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. It catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of glutaryl-CoA to crotonyl-CoA and CO(2) in the degradative pathway of L-lysine, L-hydroxylysine, and L-tryptophan metabolism. It uses electron transfer flavoprotein as its electron acceptor. The enzyme exists in the mitochondrial matrix as a homotetramer of 45-kD subunits. Mutations in this gene result in the metabolic disorder glutaric aciduria type 1, which is also known as glutaric acidemia type I. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 12. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2013]

SYCE2 (HGNC:27411): (synaptonemal complex central element protein 2) The protein encoded by this gene is part of the synaptonemal complex formed between homologous chromosomes during meiotic prophase. The encoded protein associates with SYCP1 and SYCE1 and is found only where chromosome cores are synapsed. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 9 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a helix (size 12) in uniprot entity GCDH_HUMAN there are 10 pathogenic changes around while only 0 benign (100%) in NM_000159.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.98
• PP5: Variant 19-12899510-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr19-12899510-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 557741.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_pathogenic=2, Uncertain_significance=1, Pathogenic=2}. Variant chr19-12899510-C-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic]. Variant chr19-12899510-C-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GCDH	NM_000159.4	c.1286C>T	p.Thr429Met	missense_variant	Exon 12 of 12	ENST00000222214.10	NP_000150.1
SYCE2	NM_001105578.2	c.613-125G>A		intron_variant	Intron 5 of 5	ENST00000293695.8	NP_001099048.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GCDH	ENST00000222214.10	c.1286C>T	p.Thr429Met	missense_variant	Exon 12 of 12	1	NM_000159.4	ENSP00000222214.4
SYCE2	ENST00000293695.8	c.613-125G>A		intron_variant	Intron 5 of 5	1	NM_001105578.2	ENSP00000293695.6

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000796 AC: 2 AN: 251366 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000736 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 135888

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.0000544

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000479 AC: 7 AN: 1461862 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000550 AC XY: 4 AN XY: 727240

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.0000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000232

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000360

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

Alfa AF: 0.0000307 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000756

ExAC AF: 0.0000165 AC: 2

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5 Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

Glutaric aciduria, type 1 Pathogenic:5 Uncertain:1

Feb 29, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Oct 30, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces threonine, which is neutral and polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 429 of the GCDH protein (p.Thr429Met). This variant is present in population databases (rs745360675, gnomAD 0.006%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with glutaric aciduria type I (PMID: 9600243, 10699052, 24973495). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 557741). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt GCDH protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects GCDH function (PMID: 9600243, 24973495). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Apr 12, 2018

Counsyl

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Apr 22, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Mar 10, 2021

Natera, Inc.

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Oct 22, 2018

Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, M Health Fairview: University of Minnesota

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.55
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.46	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.59
CADD	Pathogenic	32
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.97	D;D
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.0
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.87
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	1.0	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	1.0	.;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.49	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.98	D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.6	H;H
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.77	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-5.6	D;.
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.96
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;.
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;D
Vest4		0.81
MutPred		0.89		Gain of loop (P = 0.0166);Gain of loop (P = 0.0166);
MVP		1.0
MPC		1.1
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.5
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.6
Varity_R		0.85
gMVP		0.97

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.020		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs745360675; hg19: chr19-13010324;