Genetic Variant CACNA1A:p.His2218_His2219dup (chr19-13208877-G-GGGTGGT) – ACMG Classification: Benign (-7 pts)

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -7 ACMG points: 2P and 9B. PM4BP6BS1BS2

The NM_001127222.2(CACNA1A):c.6658_6659insACCACC(p.His2218_His2219dup) variant causes a conservative inframe insertion change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000179 in 150,462 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. P2220P) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00018 ( 0 hom., cov: 31)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00024 ( 3 hom. )

Failed GnomAD Quality Control

Consequence

CACNA1A
NM_001127222.2 conservative_inframe_insertion

Scores

Not classified

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:1B:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 5.98

Publications

2 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

CACNA1A (HGNC:1388): (calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 A) Voltage-dependent calcium channels mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells, and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, and gene expression. Calcium channels are multisubunit complexes composed of alpha-1, beta, alpha-2/delta, and gamma subunits. The channel activity is directed by the pore-forming alpha-1 subunit, whereas, the others act as auxiliary subunits regulating this activity. The distinctive properties of the calcium channel types are related primarily to the expression of a variety of alpha-1 isoforms, alpha-1A, B, C, D, E, and S. This gene encodes the alpha-1A subunit, which is predominantly expressed in neuronal tissue. Mutations in this gene are associated with 2 neurologic disorders, familial hemiplegic migraine and episodic ataxia 2. This gene also exhibits polymorphic variation due to (CAG)n-repeats. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. In one set of transcript variants, the (CAG)n-repeats occur in the 3' UTR, and are not associated with any disease. But in another set of variants, an insertion extends the coding region to include the (CAG)n-repeats which encode a polyglutamine tract. Expansion of the (CAG)n-repeats from the normal 4-18 to 21-33 in the coding region is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia 6. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

CACNA1A Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

episodic ataxia type 2
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
undetermined early-onset epileptic encephalopathy
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Illumina
developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 42
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: G2P, Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
migraine, familial hemiplegic, 1
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
spinocerebellar ataxia type 6
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet
benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

CACNA1A links:

ENSG00000300728 (HGNC:):

ENSG00000300728 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -7 ACMG points.

PM4

Nonframeshift variant in NON repetitive region in NM_001127222.2.

BP6

Variant 19-13208877-G-GGGTGGT is Benign according to our data. Variant chr19-13208877-G-GGGTGGT is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 1754740.

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population sas. GnomAd4 allele frequency = 0.000179 (27/150462) while in subpopulation SAS AF = 0.00105 (5/4740). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.000415. There are 0 homozygotes in GnomAd4. There are 12 alleles in the male GnomAd4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 31. This position passed quality control check.

BS2

High AC in GnomAd4 at 27 AD gene.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_001127222.2. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
CACNA1A	NM_001127222.2	MANE Select	c.6658_6659insACCACC	p.His2218_His2219dup	conservative_inframe_insertion	Exon 46 of 47	NP_001120694.1
CACNA1A	NM_001127221.2	MANE Plus Clinical	c.6661_6662insACCACC	p.His2219_His2220dup	conservative_inframe_insertion	Exon 46 of 47	NP_001120693.1
CACNA1A	NM_023035.3		c.6676_6677insACCACC	p.His2224_His2225dup	conservative_inframe_insertion	Exon 47 of 48	NP_075461.2

Ensembl Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
CACNA1A	ENST00000360228.11	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.6658_6659insACCACC	p.His2218_His2219dup	conservative_inframe_insertion	Exon 46 of 47	ENSP00000353362.5
CACNA1A	ENST00000638009.2	TSL:1 MANE Plus Clinical	c.6661_6662insACCACC	p.His2219_His2220dup	conservative_inframe_insertion	Exon 46 of 47	ENSP00000489913.1
CACNA1A	ENST00000638029.1	TSL:5	c.6676_6677insACCACC	p.His2224_His2225dup	conservative_inframe_insertion	Exon 47 of 48	ENSP00000489829.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000179

AC:

AN:

150462

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000196

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000399

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00105

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.0000958

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000163

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.000315

AC:

AN:

117448

AF XY:

0.000453

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000231

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000130

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AS_VQSR

AF:

0.000242

AC:

317

AN:

1309430

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000263

AC XY:

170

AN XY:

646832

show subpopulations

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Exomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000207

AC:

AN:

28996

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000295

AC:

AN:

33894

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.0000416

AC:

AN:

24028

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000121

AC:

AN:

32968

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00132

AC:

101

AN:

76338

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

32216

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.000190

AC:

AN:

5258

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000191

AC:

195

AN:

1020978

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000146

AC:

AN:

54754

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD4 Exomes is highly skewed from 0.5 (p-value = 0), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.397

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000179

AC:

AN:

150462

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000163

AC XY:

AN XY:

73422

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000196

AC:

AN:

40868

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15138

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3460

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000399

AC:

AN:

5018

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00105

AC:

AN:

4740

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.0000958

AC:

AN:

10434

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

314

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000163

AC:

AN:

67518

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2068

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.464

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.000161

Hom.:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1Benign:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Episodic ataxia type 2;C4310716:Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 42

Uncertain:1

Mar 10, 2020

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Experimental studies and prediction algorithms are not available or were not evaluated, and the functional significance of this variant is currently unknown. This variant, c.6661_6662insACCACC, results in the insertion of 2 amino acid(s) to the CACNA1A protein (p.His2219_His2220dup), but otherwise preserves the integrity of the reading frame. While this variant is present in population databases (rs768950814), the frequency information is unreliable, as metrics indicate poor data quality at this position in the ExAC database. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with CACNA1A-related conditions. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

Inborn genetic diseases

Benign:1

Jul 20, 2017

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

PhyloP100

6.0

Mutation Taster

=74/26

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

You must be logged in to view publications. This limit was set because tens of millions (!) of queries from AI bots are generated daily.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Variant Effect in Transcripts

RefSeq Transcripts

Ensembl Transcripts

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over