19-35842122-A-T

Position:

• chr19-35842122-A-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_004646.4(NPHS1):​c.2663+2T>A variant causes a splice donor, intron change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000124 in 1,450,332 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000012 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: NPHS1 NM_004646.4 splice_donor, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.91

Genes affected

NPHS1 (HGNC:7908): (NPHS1 adhesion molecule, nephrin) This gene encodes a member of the immunoglobulin family of cell adhesion molecules that functions in the glomerular filtration barrier in the kidney. The gene is primarily expressed in renal tissues, and the protein is a type-1 transmembrane protein found at the slit diaphragm of glomerular podocytes. The slit diaphragm is thought to function as an ultrafilter to exclude albumin and other plasma macromolecules in the formation of urine. Mutations in this gene result in Finnish-type congenital nephrosis 1, characterized by severe proteinuria and loss of the slit diaphragm and foot processes.[provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, LoF is a know mechanism of disease, Cryptic splice site detected, with MaxEntScore 5.1, offset of 38, new splice context is: cagGTctgg. Cryptic site results in frameshift change. If cryptic site found is not functional and variant results in exon loss, it results in frameshift change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 19-35842122-A-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr19-35842122-A-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 812905.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
NPHS1	NM_004646.4	c.2663+2T>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant		ENST00000378910.10	NP_004637.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
NPHS1	ENST00000378910.10	c.2663+2T>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant		1	NM_004646.4	ENSP00000368190.4
NPHS1	ENST00000353632.6	c.2663+2T>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant		5		ENSP00000343634.5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000124 AC: 18 AN: 1450332 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.0000139 AC XY: 10 AN XY: 720252

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000163

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.0000312 Hom.: 0

TwinsUK AF: 0.00 AC: 0

ALSPAC AF: 0.000259 AC: 1

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Jan 21, 2024

This sequence change affects a donor splice site in intron 19 of the NPHS1 gene. It is expected to disrupt RNA splicing. Variants that disrupt the donor or acceptor splice site typically lead to a loss of protein function (PMID: 16199547), and loss-of-function variants in NPHS1 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 11317351, 11854170, 12039988). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). Disruption of this splice site has been observed in individuals with congenital nephrotic syndrome and/or NPHS1-related conditions (PMID: 32581362; Invitae). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 812905). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Finnish congenital nephrotic syndrome Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

Mar 28, 2024

- -

Congenital nephrotic syndrome Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

research

NIHR Bioresource Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge

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Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.62	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.17
CADD	Pathogenic	34
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.0
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.86
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.96	D
GERP RS		4.8

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.93
SpliceAI score (max)		0.98		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DG_spliceai		0.60		Position offset: -36
DS_DL_spliceai		0.98		Position offset: 2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs762392183; hg19: chr19-36333024;