19-50402203-A-G

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points: 0P and 0B.

The NM_002691.4(POLD1):c.590-2A>G variant causes a splice acceptor, intron change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000133 in 1,582,758 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000014 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

POLD1
NM_002691.4 splice_acceptor, intron

Scores

Splicing: ADA: 1.000

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 5.50

Publications

0 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

POLD1 (HGNC:9175): (DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit) This gene encodes the 125-kDa catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. DNA polymerase delta possesses both polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

POLD1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

POLD1-related polyposis and colorectal cancer syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp
mandibular hypoplasia-deafness-progeroid syndrome
Inheritance: AD, AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), PanelApp Australia, Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, G2P
Polymerase proofreading-related adenomatous polyposis
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
immunodeficiency 120
Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
non-severe combined immunodeficiency due to polymerase delta deficiency
Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

POLD1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_002691.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
POLD1	NM_002691.4	MANE Select	c.590-2A>G	splice_acceptor intron	N/A	NP_002682.2
POLD1	NM_001308632.1		c.590-2A>G	splice_acceptor intron	N/A	NP_001295561.1
POLD1	NM_001256849.1		c.590-2A>G	splice_acceptor intron	N/A	NP_001243778.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
POLD1	ENST00000440232.7	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.590-2A>G	splice_acceptor intron	N/A	ENSP00000406046.1
POLD1	ENST00000595904.6	TSL:1	c.590-2A>G	splice_acceptor intron	N/A	ENSP00000472445.1
POLD1	ENST00000599857.7	TSL:1	c.590-2A>G	splice_acceptor intron	N/A	ENSP00000473052.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

152042

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000885

AC:

AN:

226070

AF XY:

0.00000825

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000195

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000140

AC:

AN:

1430716

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000113

AC XY:

AN XY:

707916

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

32918

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

42128

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

23748

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39414

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

80690

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

52184

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5610

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000174

AC:

AN:

1095012

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000169

AC:

AN:

59012

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.475

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

152042

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74258

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41412

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15278

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5166

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4828

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10596

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

312

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000147

AC:

AN:

67976

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2090

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.475

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

ExAC

AF:

0.00000825

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10

Uncertain:2

Oct 11, 2016

Counsyl

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com.

Jan 17, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change affects an acceptor splice site in intron 5 of the POLD1 gene. Missense variants that disrupt the 3'-5' exonuclease (proof-reading) activity of the POLD1 protein are associated with PPAP (polymerase proofreading‚Äìassociated polyposis) (PMID: 23263490, 23447401). However, loss-of-function variants that result in an absent or severely disrupted POLD1 protein, and missense variants outside the exonuclease domain, are unlikely to be associated with PPAP. This variant is present in population databases (rs758877520, gnomAD 0.002%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with POLD1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 372001). Studies have shown that disruption of this splice site is associated with inconclusive levels of altered splicing (Invitae). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10;C3715192:Mandibular hypoplasia-deafness-progeroid syndrome

Uncertain:1

Aug 20, 2021

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

not provided

Uncertain:1

Aug 14, 2020

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Canonical splice site variant predicted to result in a null allele, but clinical significance is uncertain; Some missense variants in POLD1 have been recognized as an underlying cause of Polymerase Proofreading-Associated Polyposis (PPAP); however, there are no data at this time to support that loss-of-function variants confer the same cancer risks; Not observed at a significant frequency in large population cohorts (Lek 2016); Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:1

May 20, 2025

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The c.590-2A>G intronic variant results from an A to G substitution two nucleotides upstream from coding exon 5 in the POLD1 gene. This nucleotide position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In silico splice site analysis predicts that this alteration will weaken the native splice acceptor site. Alterations that disrupt the canonical splice site are expected to cause aberrant splicing, resulting in an abnormal protein or a transcript that is subject to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. However, loss of function of POLD1 has not been established as a mechanism of disease. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this variant remains unclear.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

0.0067

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.20

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.95

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.78

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.54

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.98

PhyloP100

5.5

GERP RS

3.0

Mutation Taster

=1/99

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

dbscSNV1_ADA

Pathogenic

1.0

dbscSNV1_RF

Pathogenic

0.89

SpliceAI score (max)

0.98

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_AL_spliceai

0.98

Position offset: 2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Variant Effect in Transcripts

RefSeq Transcripts

Ensembl Transcripts

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over