19-50407375-G-A

Position:

• chr19-50407375-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 3 ACMG points: 3P and 0B. PM2 PP3

The NM_002691.4(POLD1):​c.1735G>A​(p.Glu579Lys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000274 in 1,460,434 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 30)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000027 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: POLD1 NM_002691.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 8.69

Genes affected

POLD1 (HGNC:9175): (DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit) This gene encodes the 125-kDa catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. DNA polymerase delta possesses both polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 3 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.753

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
POLD1	NM_002691.4	c.1735G>A	p.Glu579Lys	missense_variant	14/27	ENST00000440232.7	NP_002682.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
POLD1	ENST00000440232.7	c.1735G>A	p.Glu579Lys	missense_variant	14/27	1	NM_002691.4	ENSP00000406046	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000274 AC: 4 AN: 1460434 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 726452

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.0000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000270

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 30

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

Nov 23, 2016

The p.Glu579Lys variant in POLD1 has not been previously reported in individuals with colorectal cancer or in large population studies. Computational prediction tools and conservation analysis do not provide strong support for or against an impact to the protein. In summary, the clinical significance of the p.Glu579Lys variant is uncertain. -

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10 Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Nov 29, 2023

This sequence change replaces glutamic acid, which is acidic and polar, with lysine, which is basic and polar, at codon 579 of the POLD1 protein (p.Glu579Lys). This variant is present in population databases (no rsID available, gnomAD 0.007%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with POLD1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 505438). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt POLD1 protein function with a negative predictive value of 80%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Oct 30, 2022

The p.E579K variant (also known as c.1735G>A), located in coding exon 13 of the POLD1 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 1735. The glutamic acid at codon 579 is replaced by lysine, an amino acid with similar properties. This amino acid position is conserved. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.47
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.044	T
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.010
CADD	Uncertain	25
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.30	T;.;.;T
Eigen	Uncertain	0.46
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.42
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.91	.;.;D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.072	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.75	D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.96	T
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.0	M;.;.;M
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.62	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.4	D;.;.;.
REVEL	Uncertain	0.32
Sift	Uncertain	0.0050	D;.;.;.
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.052	T;T;T;T
Polyphen		0.91	P;.;.;P
Vest4		0.69
MutPred		0.64		Gain of methylation at E579 (P = 0.0124);Gain of methylation at E579 (P = 0.0124);Gain of methylation at E579 (P = 0.0124);Gain of methylation at E579 (P = 0.0124);
MVP		0.64
MPC		1.7
ClinPred		0.77	D
GERP RS		4.1
Varity_R		0.53
gMVP		0.60

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1354117345; hg19: chr19-50910632; COSMIC: COSV70954141; COSMIC: COSV70954141;