19-50409577-C-T

Variant names:

• chr19-50409577-C-T
• rs747628342
• NM_002691.4:c.2065C>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points: 4P and 4B. PP3_Strong BS2

The NM_002691.4(POLD1):​c.2065C>T​(p.Arg689Trp) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000548 in 1,461,032 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R689Q) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000055 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: POLD1 NM_002691.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.19

Genes affected

POLD1 (HGNC:9175): (DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit) This gene encodes the 125-kDa catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. DNA polymerase delta possesses both polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points.

• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.947
• BS2: High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 8 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
POLD1	NM_002691.4	c.2065C>T	p.Arg689Trp	missense_variant	Exon 17 of 27	ENST00000440232.7	NP_002682.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
POLD1	ENST00000440232.7	c.2065C>T	p.Arg689Trp	missense_variant	Exon 17 of 27	1	NM_002691.4	ENSP00000406046.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000800 AC: 2 AN: 250118 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 135498

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000177

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000548 AC: 8 AN: 1461032 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000550 AC XY: 4 AN XY: 726842

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000719

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ExAC AF: 0.0000165 AC: 2

EpiCase AF: 0.00

EpiControl AF: 0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Jun 16, 2017

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not provided Uncertain:1

Oct 04, 2023

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Published functional studies demonstrate reduced cell viability, increased mutation frequency, and reduced DNA polymerase activity in yeast (Flohr et al., 1999; Daee et al., 2010; Mertz et al., 2017); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 19718023, 20951805, 28368425, 10074927, 14767555, 25827231, 33144657, 28125075, 25202305, 27161865, 24861832, 27320729, 23065663, 19966286, 21258395, 23283971) -

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10 Uncertain:1

Jan 05, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with tryptophan, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 689 of the POLD1 protein (p.Arg689Trp). This variant is present in population databases (rs747628342, gnomAD 0.002%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with lung cancer (PMID: 28125075). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 439255). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt POLD1 protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects POLD1 function (PMID: 19966286). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Nov 08, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.R689W variant (also known as c.2065C>T), located in coding exon 16 of the POLD1 gene, results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 2065. The arginine at codon 689 is replaced by tryptophan, an amino acid with dissimilar properties. This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this variant remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.89
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.19	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.050
CADD	Pathogenic	33
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.46	T;.;.;T
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.89
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.75
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.91	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	1.0	.;.;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.30	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.95	D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.068	T
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.6	H;.;.;H
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.87	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-8.0	D;.;.;.
REVEL	Uncertain	0.45
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;.;.;.
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D;D;D
Polyphen		0.99	D;.;.;D
Vest4		0.93
MutPred		0.80		Loss of disorder (P = 0.0225);.;.;Loss of disorder (P = 0.0225);
MVP		0.77
MPC		1.3
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		4.4
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.8
Varity_R		0.92
gMVP		0.94

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs747628342; hg19: chr19-50912834; COSMIC: COSV70954675; COSMIC: COSV70954675;