2-178556967-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -20 ACMG points: 0P and 20B. BP4_StrongBP6_Very_StrongBA1

The NM_001267550.2(TTN):​c.88187T>C​(p.Ile29396Thr) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.275 in 1,613,436 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 73,989 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 16/19 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely benign (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. I29396L) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.36 ( 11804 hom., cov: 32)
Exomes 𝑓: 0.27 ( 62185 hom. )

Consequence

TTN
NM_001267550.2 missense

Scores

15

Clinical Significance

Benign/Likely benign criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts B:23

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.721

Publications

47 publications found
Variant links:
Genes affected
TTN (HGNC:12403): (titin) This gene encodes a large abundant protein of striated muscle. The product of this gene is divided into two regions, a N-terminal I-band and a C-terminal A-band. The I-band, which is the elastic part of the molecule, contains two regions of tandem immunoglobulin domains on either side of a PEVK region that is rich in proline, glutamate, valine and lysine. The A-band, which is thought to act as a protein-ruler, contains a mixture of immunoglobulin and fibronectin repeats, and possesses kinase activity. An N-terminal Z-disc region and a C-terminal M-line region bind to the Z-line and M-line of the sarcomere, respectively, so that a single titin molecule spans half the length of a sarcomere. Titin also contains binding sites for muscle associated proteins so it serves as an adhesion template for the assembly of contractile machinery in muscle cells. It has also been identified as a structural protein for chromosomes. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. Considerable variability exists in the I-band, the M-line and the Z-disc regions of titin. Variability in the I-band region contributes to the differences in elasticity of different titin isoforms and, therefore, to the differences in elasticity of different muscle types. Mutations in this gene are associated with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 9, and autoantibodies to titin are produced in patients with the autoimmune disease scleroderma. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]
TTN-AS1 (HGNC:44124): (TTN antisense RNA 1) This gene encodes a non-coding RNA transcribed from the opposite strand to the titin gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

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ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -20 ACMG points.

BP4
Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=1.8822432E-6).
BP6
Variant 2-178556967-A-G is Benign according to our data. Variant chr2-178556967-A-G is described in ClinVar as Benign/Likely_benign. ClinVar VariationId is 47475.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
BA1
GnomAd4 highest subpopulation (EAS) allele frequency at 95% confidence interval = 0.68 is higher than 0.05.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_001267550.2. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected
GeneTranscriptTagsHGVScHGVSpEffectExon RankProteinUniProt
TTN
NM_001267550.2
MANE Select
c.88187T>Cp.Ile29396Thr
missense
Exon 330 of 363NP_001254479.2
TTN
NM_001256850.1
c.83264T>Cp.Ile27755Thr
missense
Exon 280 of 313NP_001243779.1
TTN
NM_133378.4
c.80483T>Cp.Ile26828Thr
missense
Exon 279 of 312NP_596869.4

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected
GeneTranscriptTagsHGVScHGVSpEffectExon RankProteinUniProt
TTN
ENST00000589042.5
TSL:5 MANE Select
c.88187T>Cp.Ile29396Thr
missense
Exon 330 of 363ENSP00000467141.1
TTN
ENST00000446966.2
TSL:1
c.88031T>Cp.Ile29344Thr
missense
Exon 328 of 361ENSP00000408004.2
TTN
ENST00000436599.2
TSL:1
c.87911T>Cp.Ile29304Thr
missense
Exon 328 of 361ENSP00000405517.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes
AF:
0.360
AC:
54733
AN:
151894
Hom.:
11755
Cov.:
32
show subpopulations
Gnomad AFR
AF:
0.542
Gnomad AMI
AF:
0.563
Gnomad AMR
AF:
0.381
Gnomad ASJ
AF:
0.282
Gnomad EAS
AF:
0.699
Gnomad SAS
AF:
0.515
Gnomad FIN
AF:
0.285
Gnomad MID
AF:
0.274
Gnomad NFE
AF:
0.223
Gnomad OTH
AF:
0.326
GnomAD2 exomes
AF:
0.351
AC:
87123
AN:
248424
AF XY:
0.348
show subpopulations
Gnomad AFR exome
AF:
0.543
Gnomad AMR exome
AF:
0.424
Gnomad ASJ exome
AF:
0.280
Gnomad EAS exome
AF:
0.704
Gnomad FIN exome
AF:
0.277
Gnomad NFE exome
AF:
0.224
Gnomad OTH exome
AF:
0.306
GnomAD4 exome
AF:
0.266
AC:
389351
AN:
1461424
Hom.:
62185
Cov.:
36
AF XY:
0.272
AC XY:
197456
AN XY:
726996
show subpopulations
African (AFR)
AF:
0.555
AC:
18577
AN:
33476
American (AMR)
AF:
0.423
AC:
18919
AN:
44704
Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)
AF:
0.279
AC:
7289
AN:
26130
East Asian (EAS)
AF:
0.692
AC:
27432
AN:
39618
South Asian (SAS)
AF:
0.503
AC:
43395
AN:
86246
European-Finnish (FIN)
AF:
0.277
AC:
14772
AN:
53386
Middle Eastern (MID)
AF:
0.306
AC:
1764
AN:
5766
European-Non Finnish (NFE)
AF:
0.215
AC:
239024
AN:
1111738
Other (OTH)
AF:
0.301
AC:
18179
AN:
60360
Allele Balance Distribution
Red line indicates average allele balance
Average allele balance: 0.480
Heterozygous variant carriers
0
17432
34864
52296
69728
87160
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
0.95
Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het
Exome Hom
Variant carriers
0
8834
17668
26502
35336
44170
<30
30-35
35-40
40-45
45-50
50-55
55-60
60-65
65-70
70-75
75-80
>80
Age
GnomAD4 genome
AF:
0.361
AC:
54843
AN:
152012
Hom.:
11804
Cov.:
32
AF XY:
0.371
AC XY:
27533
AN XY:
74308
show subpopulations
African (AFR)
AF:
0.542
AC:
22469
AN:
41426
American (AMR)
AF:
0.381
AC:
5829
AN:
15280
Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)
AF:
0.282
AC:
980
AN:
3470
East Asian (EAS)
AF:
0.699
AC:
3594
AN:
5140
South Asian (SAS)
AF:
0.514
AC:
2475
AN:
4818
European-Finnish (FIN)
AF:
0.285
AC:
3015
AN:
10584
Middle Eastern (MID)
AF:
0.284
AC:
83
AN:
292
European-Non Finnish (NFE)
AF:
0.223
AC:
15181
AN:
67980
Other (OTH)
AF:
0.334
AC:
705
AN:
2112
Allele Balance Distribution
Red line indicates average allele balance
Average allele balance: 0.503
Heterozygous variant carriers
0
1610
3220
4829
6439
8049
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
0.95
Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het
Genome Hom
Variant carriers
0
516
1032
1548
2064
2580
<30
30-35
35-40
40-45
45-50
50-55
55-60
60-65
65-70
70-75
75-80
>80
Age
Alfa
AF:
0.279
Hom.:
24479
Bravo
AF:
0.375
TwinsUK
AF:
0.211
AC:
784
ALSPAC
AF:
0.214
AC:
825
ESP6500AA
AF:
0.524
AC:
2066
ESP6500EA
AF:
0.221
AC:
1831
ExAC
AF:
0.350
AC:
42317
Asia WGS
AF:
0.619
AC:
2150
AN:
3478
EpiCase
AF:
0.218
EpiControl
AF:
0.227

ClinVar

Significance: Benign/Likely benign
Submissions summary: Benign:23
Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Benign:10
Dec 15, 2014
Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Sep 27, 2011
Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Jun 24, 2013
Biesecker Lab/Clinical Genomics Section, National Institutes of Health
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:research

Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center
Significance:Benign
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

Oct 31, 2012
GeneDx
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is considered likely benign or benign based on one or more of the following criteria: it is a conservative change, it occurs at a poorly conserved position in the protein, it is predicted to be benign by multiple in silico algorithms, and/or has population frequency not consistent with disease.

Aug 18, 2020
Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp
Significance:Likely benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Aug 15, 2013
Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Apr 09, 2025
Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Montreal Heart Institute
Significance:Likely benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Joint Genome Diagnostic Labs from Nijmegen and Maastricht, Radboudumc and MUMC+
Significance:Benign
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J Benign:2
Jan 13, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease.

Sep 10, 2021
Genome-Nilou Lab
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Early-onset myopathy with fatal cardiomyopathy Benign:2
Jan 13, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease.

Sep 10, 2021
Genome-Nilou Lab
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

not provided Benign:2
Breakthrough Genomics, Breakthrough Genomics
Significance:Likely benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:not provided

Nov 02, 2018
Athena Diagnostics
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Tibial muscular dystrophy Benign:2
Jan 13, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease.

Sep 10, 2021
Genome-Nilou Lab
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Myopathy, myofibrillar, 9, with early respiratory failure Benign:2
Jan 13, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease.

Sep 10, 2021
Genome-Nilou Lab
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J;C1858763:Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G Benign:1
Feb 04, 2025
Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G Benign:1
Jan 13, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease.

Cardiovascular phenotype Benign:1
Jan 16, 2013
Ambry Genetics
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as benign based on a combination of the following: population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
AlphaMissense
Benign
0.052
BayesDel_addAF
Benign
-0.74
T
BayesDel_noAF
Benign
-0.70
CADD
Benign
5.7
DANN
Benign
0.54
Eigen
Benign
-1.6
Eigen_PC
Benign
-1.5
FATHMM_MKL
Benign
0.062
N
LIST_S2
Benign
0.33
T
MetaRNN
Benign
0.0000019
T
MetaSVM
Benign
-0.88
T
MutationAssessor
Benign
-2.6
N
PhyloP100
0.72
PrimateAI
Benign
0.30
T
PROVEAN
Benign
3.0
N
REVEL
Benign
0.12
Sift
Benign
1.0
T
Polyphen
0.0
B
Vest4
0.034
MPC
0.11
ClinPred
0.0059
T
GERP RS
-2.9
Mutation Taster
=100/0
polymorphism (auto)

Splicing

Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)
0.0
Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs9808377; hg19: chr2-179421694; COSMIC: COSV60092398; API