2-178579562-A-G

Variant names:

• chr2-178579562-A-G
• rs2288570
• NM_001267550.2:c.67635T>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -19 ACMG points: 0P and 19B. BP4_Moderate BP6_Very_Strong BP7 BA1

The NM_001256850.1(TTN):​c.62712T>C​(p.Val20904Val) variant causes a splice region, synonymous change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0251 in 1,612,998 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 632 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely benign (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.022 (60 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.025 (572 hom.)
• Consequence: TTN NM_001256850.1 splice_region, synonymous
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 0.00007531
• Clinical Significance: Benign/Likely benign criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts B:24
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.03

Genes affected

TTN (HGNC:12403): (titin) This gene encodes a large abundant protein of striated muscle. The product of this gene is divided into two regions, a N-terminal I-band and a C-terminal A-band. The I-band, which is the elastic part of the molecule, contains two regions of tandem immunoglobulin domains on either side of a PEVK region that is rich in proline, glutamate, valine and lysine. The A-band, which is thought to act as a protein-ruler, contains a mixture of immunoglobulin and fibronectin repeats, and possesses kinase activity. An N-terminal Z-disc region and a C-terminal M-line region bind to the Z-line and M-line of the sarcomere, respectively, so that a single titin molecule spans half the length of a sarcomere. Titin also contains binding sites for muscle associated proteins so it serves as an adhesion template for the assembly of contractile machinery in muscle cells. It has also been identified as a structural protein for chromosomes. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. Considerable variability exists in the I-band, the M-line and the Z-disc regions of titin. Variability in the I-band region contributes to the differences in elasticity of different titin isoforms and, therefore, to the differences in elasticity of different muscle types. Mutations in this gene are associated with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 9, and autoantibodies to titin are produced in patients with the autoimmune disease scleroderma. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

TTN-AS1 (HGNC:44124): (TTN antisense RNA 1) This gene encodes a non-coding RNA transcribed from the opposite strand to the titin gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

ENSG00000270574 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -19 ACMG points.

• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.45).
• BP6: Variant 2-178579562-A-G is Benign according to our data. Variant chr2-178579562-A-G is described in ClinVar as [Likely_benign]. Clinvar id is 47255.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr2-178579562-A-G is described in Lovd as [Benign]. Variant chr2-178579562-A-G is described in Lovd as [Likely_benign].
• BP7: Synonymous conserved (PhyloP=1.03 with no splicing effect.
• BA1: GnomAd4 highest subpopulation (EAS) allele frequency at 95% confidence interval = 0.0559 is higher than 0.05.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
TTN	NM_001267550.2	c.67635T>C	p.Val22545Val	synonymous_variant	Exon 319 of 363	ENST00000589042.5	NP_001254479.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
TTN	ENST00000589042.5	c.67635T>C	p.Val22545Val	synonymous_variant	Exon 319 of 363	5	NM_001267550.2	ENSP00000467141.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.0221 AC: 3352 AN: 152002 Hom.: 59 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00468

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.0307

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.0237

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.0199

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.0614

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.0317

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.0450

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00633

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0251

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.0215

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.0299 AC: 7379 AN: 247152 AF XY: 0.0294

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00511

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0346

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.0152

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.0618

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.0478

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0251

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.0295

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0254 AC: 37164 AN: 1460878 Hom.: 572 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.0257 AC XY: 18652 AN XY: 726722

African (AFR) AF: 0.00449 AC: 150 AN: 33430

American (AMR) AF: 0.0327 AC: 1460 AN: 44704

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.0152 AC: 398 AN: 26112

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.0636 AC: 2522 AN: 39662

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.0279 AC: 2405 AN: 86230

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.0492 AC: 2619 AN: 53178

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.0143 AC: 82 AN: 5754

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.0234 AC: 26034 AN: 1111466

Other (OTH) AF: 0.0248 AC: 1494 AN: 60342

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.0220 AC: 3352 AN: 152120 Hom.: 60 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.0228 AC XY: 1694 AN XY: 74342

African (AFR) AF: 0.00467 AC: 194 AN: 41554

American (AMR) AF: 0.0237 AC: 361 AN: 15256

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.0199 AC: 69 AN: 3472

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.0615 AC: 316 AN: 5136

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.0317 AC: 153 AN: 4828

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.0450 AC: 477 AN: 10604

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00680 AC: 2 AN: 294

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.0251 AC: 1707 AN: 67950

Other (OTH) AF: 0.0213 AC: 45 AN: 2114

Alfa AF: 0.0241 Hom.: 233

Bravo AF: 0.0196

Asia WGS AF: 0.0410 AC: 143 AN: 3476

EpiCase AF: 0.0230

EpiControl AF: 0.0244

ClinVar

Significance: Benign/Likely benign

Submissions summary: Benign:24

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Benign:10

Apr 09, 2025

Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Montreal Heart Institute

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Apr 19, 2012

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

-

Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen

Significance: Benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Apr 29, 2013

GeneDx

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is considered likely benign or benign based on one or more of the following criteria: it is a conservative change, it occurs at a poorly conserved position in the protein, it is predicted to be benign by multiple in silico algorithms, and/or has population frequency not consistent with disease. -

-

Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht

Significance: Benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

-

Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center

Significance: Benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

-

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

-

Clinical Genetics DNA and cytogenetics Diagnostics Lab, Erasmus MC, Erasmus Medical Center

Significance: Benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 06, 2020

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Aug 15, 2013

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not provided Benign:3

Dec 18, 2018

Athena Diagnostics

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

-

Laboratory of Diagnostic Genome Analysis, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

-

Breakthrough Genomics, Breakthrough Genomics

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: not provided

- -

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J Benign:2

Sep 10, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 13, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease. -

Early-onset myopathy with fatal cardiomyopathy Benign:2

Sep 10, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 13, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease. -

Tibial muscular dystrophy Benign:2

Sep 10, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 13, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease. -

Myopathy, myofibrillar, 9, with early respiratory failure Benign:2

Sep 10, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 13, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease. -

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J;C1858763:Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G Benign:1

Feb 04, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G Benign:1

Jan 13, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as likely benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of likely benign for this disease. -

Cardiovascular phenotype Benign:1

Mar 06, 2013

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This alteration is classified as benign based on a combination of the following: population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.45
CADD	Benign	9.7
DANN	Benign	0.68
PhyloP100		1.0
Mutation Taster		=65/35	polymorphism (auto)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Benign	0.000075
dbscSNV1_RF	Benign	0.016
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs2288570; hg19: chr2-179444289;