2-178583650-TG-T

Position:

• chr2-178583650-TG-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_001267550.2(TTN):​c.65531del​(p.Pro21844HisfsTer9) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: TTN NM_001267550.2 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.212

Genes affected

TTN (HGNC:12403): (titin) This gene encodes a large abundant protein of striated muscle. The product of this gene is divided into two regions, a N-terminal I-band and a C-terminal A-band. The I-band, which is the elastic part of the molecule, contains two regions of tandem immunoglobulin domains on either side of a PEVK region that is rich in proline, glutamate, valine and lysine. The A-band, which is thought to act as a protein-ruler, contains a mixture of immunoglobulin and fibronectin repeats, and possesses kinase activity. An N-terminal Z-disc region and a C-terminal M-line region bind to the Z-line and M-line of the sarcomere, respectively, so that a single titin molecule spans half the length of a sarcomere. Titin also contains binding sites for muscle associated proteins so it serves as an adhesion template for the assembly of contractile machinery in muscle cells. It has also been identified as a structural protein for chromosomes. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. Considerable variability exists in the I-band, the M-line and the Z-disc regions of titin. Variability in the I-band region contributes to the differences in elasticity of different titin isoforms and, therefore, to the differences in elasticity of different muscle types. Mutations in this gene are associated with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 9, and autoantibodies to titin are produced in patients with the autoimmune disease scleroderma. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

TTN-AS1 (HGNC:44124): (TTN antisense RNA 1) This gene encodes a non-coding RNA transcribed from the opposite strand to the titin gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 2-178583650-TG-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-178583650-TG-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 202458.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
TTN	NM_001267550.2	c.65531del	p.Pro21844HisfsTer9	frameshift_variant	312/363	ENST00000589042.5	NP_001254479.2
TTN-AS1	NR_038272.1	n.2499del		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	10/17

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
TTN	ENST00000589042.5	c.65531del	p.Pro21844HisfsTer9	frameshift_variant	312/363	5	NM_001267550.2	ENSP00000467141	P1
TTN-AS1	ENST00000659121.1	n.417-13943del		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J;C1858763:Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Jan 16, 2023

In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. This variant is located in the A band of TTN (PMID: 25589632). Truncating variants in this region are significantly overrepresented in patients affected with dilated cardiomyopathy (PMID: 25589632). Truncating variants in this region have also been reported in individuals affected with autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy (PMID: 23975875). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 202458). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with TTN-related conditions. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Pro21844Hisfs*9) in the TTN gene. While this is not anticipated to result in nonsense mediated decay, it is expected to create a truncated TTN protein. -

Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Dec 30, 2016

This sequence change deletes 1 nucleotide from exon 312 of the TTN mRNA (c.65531delC), causing a frameshift at codon 21844. This creates a premature translational stop signal in codon 21853 of the TTN mRNA (p.Pro21844Hisfs*9). While this is not anticipated to result in nonsense mediated decay, it is expected to disrupt the last 14139 amino acids of the TTN protein. This variant is found in the A-band of this gene. While this particular variant has not been reported in the literature, truncating variants in the A-band of TTN are significantly overrepresented in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and are considered to be likely pathogenic for the disease (PMID: 25589632). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 202458). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

May 12, 2014

c.60608delC: p.Pro20203HisfsX9 (P20203HfsX9) in exon 262 of the TTN gene (NM_001256850.1). The normal sequence with the bases that are deleted in braces is: AGCC{C}ACCT.Although the c.60608delC mutation in the TTN gene has not been reported to our knowledge, this mutation causes a shift in reading frame starting at codon Proline20203, changing it to a Histidine, and creating a premature stop codon at position 9 of the new reading frame, denoted p.Pro20203HisfsX9. This mutation is expected to result in either an abnormal, truncated protein product or loss of protein from this allele through nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Other truncating TTN variants have been reported in approximately 3% of control alleles (Herman D et al., 2012). However, c.60608delC is located in the A-band region of titin, where the majority of truncating mutations associated with DCM have been reported (Herman D et al., 2012). In summary, c.60608delC in the TTN gene is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation. The variant is found in DCM-CRDM panel(s). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs794729331; hg19: chr2-179448377;