2-178621496-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -13 ACMG points: 0P and 13B. BP4_StrongBP6BS1BS2

The NM_001267550.2(TTN):​c.45328G>A​(p.Asp15110Asn) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00753 in 1,612,268 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 83 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 15/19 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. D15110G) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0068 ( 12 hom., cov: 32)
Exomes 𝑓: 0.0076 ( 71 hom. )

Consequence

TTN
NM_001267550.2 missense

Scores

2
14

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:2B:21

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.03
Variant links:
Genes affected
TTN (HGNC:12403): (titin) This gene encodes a large abundant protein of striated muscle. The product of this gene is divided into two regions, a N-terminal I-band and a C-terminal A-band. The I-band, which is the elastic part of the molecule, contains two regions of tandem immunoglobulin domains on either side of a PEVK region that is rich in proline, glutamate, valine and lysine. The A-band, which is thought to act as a protein-ruler, contains a mixture of immunoglobulin and fibronectin repeats, and possesses kinase activity. An N-terminal Z-disc region and a C-terminal M-line region bind to the Z-line and M-line of the sarcomere, respectively, so that a single titin molecule spans half the length of a sarcomere. Titin also contains binding sites for muscle associated proteins so it serves as an adhesion template for the assembly of contractile machinery in muscle cells. It has also been identified as a structural protein for chromosomes. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. Considerable variability exists in the I-band, the M-line and the Z-disc regions of titin. Variability in the I-band region contributes to the differences in elasticity of different titin isoforms and, therefore, to the differences in elasticity of different muscle types. Mutations in this gene are associated with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 9, and autoantibodies to titin are produced in patients with the autoimmune disease scleroderma. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]
TTN-AS1 (HGNC:44124): (TTN antisense RNA 1) This gene encodes a non-coding RNA transcribed from the opposite strand to the titin gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -13 ACMG points.

BP4
Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.004173279).
BP6
Variant 2-178621496-C-T is Benign according to our data. Variant chr2-178621496-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 46987.We mark this variant Likely_benign, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_benign=2, Uncertain_significance=2, Benign=13}. Variant chr2-178621496-C-T is described in Lovd as [Benign]. Variant chr2-178621496-C-T is described in Lovd as [Likely_benign].
BS1
Variant frequency is greater than expected in population nfe. GnomAd4 allele frequency = 0.00678 (1031/151988) while in subpopulation NFE AF = 0.00782 (531/67906). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.00727. There are 12 homozygotes in GnomAd4. There are 582 alleles in the male GnomAd4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 32. This position passed quality control check.
BS2
High Homozygotes in GnomAd4 at 12 AR,AD gene

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene Transcript HGVSc HGVSp Effect Exon rank MANE Protein UniProt
TTNNM_001267550.2 linkc.45328G>A p.Asp15110Asn missense_variant Exon 245 of 363 ENST00000589042.5 NP_001254479.2 A0A0A0MTS7

Ensembl

Gene Transcript HGVSc HGVSp Effect Exon rank TSL MANE Protein Appris UniProt
TTNENST00000589042.5 linkc.45328G>A p.Asp15110Asn missense_variant Exon 245 of 363 5 NM_001267550.2 ENSP00000467141.1 A0A0A0MTS7

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes
AF:
0.00680
AC:
1032
AN:
151870
Hom.:
12
Cov.:
32
show subpopulations
Gnomad AFR
AF:
0.00126
Gnomad AMI
AF:
0.00769
Gnomad AMR
AF:
0.00395
Gnomad ASJ
AF:
0.0110
Gnomad EAS
AF:
0.00
Gnomad SAS
AF:
0.00642
Gnomad FIN
AF:
0.0288
Gnomad MID
AF:
0.00
Gnomad NFE
AF:
0.00782
Gnomad OTH
AF:
0.00335
GnomAD2 exomes
AF:
0.00789
AC:
1955
AN:
247648
AF XY:
0.00794
show subpopulations
Gnomad AFR exome
AF:
0.00110
Gnomad AMR exome
AF:
0.00236
Gnomad ASJ exome
AF:
0.0122
Gnomad EAS exome
AF:
0.0000563
Gnomad FIN exome
AF:
0.0302
Gnomad NFE exome
AF:
0.00724
Gnomad OTH exome
AF:
0.00550
GnomAD4 exome
AF:
0.00761
AC:
11106
AN:
1460280
Hom.:
71
Cov.:
32
AF XY:
0.00778
AC XY:
5653
AN XY:
726442
show subpopulations
African (AFR)
AF:
0.000958
AC:
32
AN:
33396
American (AMR)
AF:
0.00229
AC:
102
AN:
44590
Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)
AF:
0.0107
AC:
280
AN:
26078
East Asian (EAS)
AF:
0.0000506
AC:
2
AN:
39516
South Asian (SAS)
AF:
0.00845
AC:
728
AN:
86192
European-Finnish (FIN)
AF:
0.0266
AC:
1418
AN:
53360
Middle Eastern (MID)
AF:
0.000696
AC:
4
AN:
5750
European-Non Finnish (NFE)
AF:
0.00736
AC:
8176
AN:
1111132
Other (OTH)
AF:
0.00604
AC:
364
AN:
60266
Allele Balance Distribution
Red line indicates average allele balance
Average allele balance: 0.483
Heterozygous variant carriers
0
686
1372
2058
2744
3430
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
0.95
Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het
Exome Hom
Variant carriers
0
310
620
930
1240
1550
<30
30-35
35-40
40-45
45-50
50-55
55-60
60-65
65-70
70-75
75-80
>80
Age
GnomAD4 genome
AF:
0.00678
AC:
1031
AN:
151988
Hom.:
12
Cov.:
32
AF XY:
0.00783
AC XY:
582
AN XY:
74294
show subpopulations
African (AFR)
AF:
0.00125
AC:
52
AN:
41516
American (AMR)
AF:
0.00394
AC:
60
AN:
15224
Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)
AF:
0.0110
AC:
38
AN:
3470
East Asian (EAS)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
5114
South Asian (SAS)
AF:
0.00622
AC:
30
AN:
4826
European-Finnish (FIN)
AF:
0.0288
AC:
306
AN:
10618
Middle Eastern (MID)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
294
European-Non Finnish (NFE)
AF:
0.00782
AC:
531
AN:
67906
Other (OTH)
AF:
0.00332
AC:
7
AN:
2110
Allele Balance Distribution
Red line indicates average allele balance
Average allele balance: 0.501
Heterozygous variant carriers
0
48
96
145
193
241
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
0.95
Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het
Genome Hom
Variant carriers
0
20
40
60
80
100
<30
30-35
35-40
40-45
45-50
50-55
55-60
60-65
65-70
70-75
75-80
>80
Age
Alfa
AF:
0.00644
Hom.:
17
Bravo
AF:
0.00437
TwinsUK
AF:
0.00485
AC:
18
ALSPAC
AF:
0.00545
AC:
21
ESP6500AA
AF:
0.000502
AC:
2
ESP6500EA
AF:
0.00962
AC:
80
ExAC
AF:
0.00754
AC:
911
Asia WGS
AF:
0.00202
AC:
7
AN:
3478
EpiCase
AF:
0.00595
EpiControl
AF:
0.00492

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity
Submissions summary: Uncertain:2Benign:21
Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications
LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Benign:10
Mar 04, 2015
Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

p.Asp12542Asn in exon 194 of TTN: This variant is not expected to have clinical significance because it has been identified in 3.1% (203/6564) of Finnish chromo somes by the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC, http://exac.broadinstitute.org; dbSNP rs17354992). -

-
Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center
Significance:Benign
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

-
Clinical Genetics DNA and cytogenetics Diagnostics Lab, Erasmus MC, Erasmus Medical Center
Significance:Benign
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Apr 13, 2015
GeneDx
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is considered likely benign or benign based on one or more of the following criteria: it is a conservative change, it occurs at a poorly conserved position in the protein, it is predicted to be benign by multiple in silico algorithms, and/or has population frequency not consistent with disease. -

-
Joint Genome Diagnostic Labs from Nijmegen and Maastricht, Radboudumc and MUMC+
Significance:Benign
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Aug 17, 2020
Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: TTN c.37624G>A (p.Asp12542Asn) results in a conservative amino acid change located in the I-band of the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0079 in 247648 control chromosomes, predominantly at a frequency of 0.0079 within the South Asian subpopulation in the gnomAD database, including 2 homozygotes. The observed variant frequency within South Asian control individuals in the gnomAD database is approximately 20 fold of the estimated maximal expected allele frequency for a pathogenic variant in TTN causing Dilated Cardiomyopathy phenotype (0.00039), strongly suggesting that the variant is a benign polymorphism found primarily in populations of South Asian origin. c.37624G>A has been reported in the literature (e.g. Pugh_2014). These reports however, do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Dilated Cardiomyopathy. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Ten ClinVar submitters (evaluation after 2014) cite the variant as benign/likely benign (n=9) or uncertain significance (n=1). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as benign. -

Jul 21, 2015
Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

-
Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht
Significance:Benign
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jun 24, 2013
Biesecker Lab/Clinical Genomics Section, National Institutes of Health
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:research

- -

Apr 09, 2025
Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Montreal Heart Institute
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

not provided Benign:4
-
Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen
Significance:Likely benign
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

-
Laboratory of Diagnostic Genome Analysis, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)
Significance:Likely benign
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jun 01, 2025
CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen
Significance:Likely benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

TTN: BP4, BS2 -

May 08, 2024
ARUP Laboratories, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, ARUP Laboratories
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J Uncertain:1
Jan 12, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Uncertain significance
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease. -

Early-onset myopathy with fatal cardiomyopathy Uncertain:1
Jan 12, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Uncertain significance
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease. -

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J;C1858763:Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G Benign:1
Feb 04, 2025
Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G Benign:1
Jan 12, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Likely benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as likely benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of likely benign for this disease. -

Cardiomyopathy Benign:1
Mar 04, 2016
CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Myopathy, myofibrillar, 9, with early respiratory failure Benign:1
Jan 12, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease. -

Tibial muscular dystrophy Benign:1
Jan 12, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease. -

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Benign:1
Jan 31, 2019
Center for Advanced Laboratory Medicine, UC San Diego Health, University of California San Diego
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Cardiovascular phenotype Benign:1
Jul 31, 2013
Ambry Genetics
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as benign based on a combination of the following: population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
AlphaMissense
Benign
0.086
BayesDel_addAF
Benign
-0.57
T
BayesDel_noAF
Benign
-0.58
CADD
Benign
22
DANN
Uncertain
0.98
Eigen
Benign
-0.11
Eigen_PC
Benign
0.13
FATHMM_MKL
Uncertain
0.78
D
LIST_S2
Benign
0.86
D;D;D;.;T;D;T
MetaRNN
Benign
0.0042
T;T;T;T;T;T;T
MetaSVM
Benign
-1.0
T
MutationAssessor
Benign
0.20
.;.;.;N;.;.;N
PhyloP100
2.0
PrimateAI
Benign
0.45
T
PROVEAN
Benign
-1.9
N;N;.;.;N;N;.
REVEL
Benign
0.21
Sift
Benign
0.20
T;T;.;.;T;T;.
Polyphen
0.0020
.;.;.;B;.;.;B
Vest4
0.21
MVP
0.26
MPC
0.082
ClinPred
0.0060
T
GERP RS
5.3
Mutation Taster
=96/4
polymorphism

Splicing

Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)
0.0
Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs17354992; hg19: chr2-179486223; COSMIC: COSV60199444; COSMIC: COSV60199444; API