2-21006297-T-G

Variant names:

• chr2-21006297-T-G
• rs750035232
• NM_000384.3:c.10571A>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points: 2P and 1B. PM2 BP4

The NM_000384.3(APOB):​c.10571A>C​(p.Lys3524Thr) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000103 in 1,461,758 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000010 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: APOB NM_000384.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.23

Genes affected

APOB (HGNC:603): (apolipoprotein B) This gene product is the main apolipoprotein of chylomicrons and low density lipoproteins (LDL), and is the ligand for the LDL receptor. It occurs in plasma as two main isoforms, apoB-48 and apoB-100: the former is synthesized exclusively in the gut and the latter in the liver. The intestinal and the hepatic forms of apoB are encoded by a single gene from a single, very long mRNA. The two isoforms share a common N-terminal sequence. The shorter apoB-48 protein is produced after RNA editing of the apoB-100 transcript at residue 2180 (CAA->UAA), resulting in the creation of a stop codon, and early translation termination. Mutations in this gene or its regulatory region cause hypobetalipoproteinemia, normotriglyceridemic hypobetalipoproteinemia, and hypercholesterolemia due to ligand-defective apoB, diseases affecting plasma cholesterol and apoB levels. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2019]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.32040697).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
APOB	NM_000384.3	c.10571A>C	p.Lys3524Thr	missense_variant	Exon 26 of 29	ENST00000233242.5	NP_000375.3

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
APOB	ENST00000233242.5	c.10571A>C	p.Lys3524Thr	missense_variant	Exon 26 of 29	1	NM_000384.3	ENSP00000233242.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000399 AC: 1 AN: 250744 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000738 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 135490

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000884

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000103 AC: 15 AN: 1461758 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 36 AF XY: 0.0000124 AC XY: 9 AN XY: 727180

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000135

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

EpiCase AF: 0.00

EpiControl AF: 0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hypercholesterolemia, autosomal dominant, type B;C4551990:Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia 1 Uncertain:2

Oct 04, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces lysine, which is basic and polar, with threonine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 3524 of the APOB protein (p.Lys3524Thr). This variant is present in population databases (rs750035232, gnomAD 0.0009%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with clinical features of APOB-related conditions (Invitae). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 477790). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) has been performed at Invitae for this missense variant, however the output from this modeling did not meet the statistical confidence thresholds required to predict the impact of this variant on APOB protein function. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Nov 09, 2021

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Cardiovascular phenotype Uncertain:1

Jan 30, 2025

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.K3524T variant (also known as c.10571A>C), located in coding exon 26 of the APOB gene, results from an A to C substitution at nucleotide position 10571. The lysine at codon 3524 is replaced by threonine, an amino acid with similar properties. This alteration has been reported in individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) (Ambry internal data). This amino acid position is not well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.17
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.093	D
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.10
CADD	Benign	21
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
Eigen	Uncertain	0.46
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.50
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.95	D
M_CAP	Benign	0.075	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.32	T
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.22	D
PrimateAI	Benign	0.33	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.3	D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.45
Sift	Uncertain	0.0070	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0030	D
Vest4		0.22
MutPred		0.27		Loss of ubiquitination at K3524 (P = 0.0167);
MVP		0.90
MPC		0.26
ClinPred		0.89	D
GERP RS		5.8
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
gMVP		0.69

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs750035232; hg19: chr2-21229169;