2-25161140-G-A

Position:

chr2-25161140-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points: 3P and 2B. PM2PP3BP4BS1_Supporting

The NM_000939.4(POMC):c.745C>T(p.Pro249Ser) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000285 in 1,613,860 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000031 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

POMC
NM_000939.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:2

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.47

Variant links:

Genes affected

POMC (HGNC:9201): (proopiomelanocortin) This gene encodes a preproprotein that undergoes extensive, tissue-specific, post-translational processing via cleavage by subtilisin-like enzymes known as prohormone convertases. There are eight potential cleavage sites within the preproprotein and, depending on tissue type and the available convertases, processing may yield as many as ten biologically active peptides involved in diverse cellular functions. The encoded protein is synthesized mainly in corticotroph cells of the anterior pituitary where four cleavage sites are used; adrenocorticotrophin, essential for normal steroidogenesis and the maintenance of normal adrenal weight, and lipotropin beta are the major end products. In other tissues, including the hypothalamus, placenta, and epithelium, all cleavage sites may be used, giving rise to peptides with roles in pain and energy homeostasis, melanocyte stimulation, and immune modulation. These include several distinct melanotropins, lipotropins, and endorphins that are contained within the adrenocorticotrophin and beta-lipotropin peptides. The antimicrobial melanotropin alpha peptide exhibits antibacterial and antifungal activity. Mutations in this gene have been associated with early onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency, and red hair pigmentation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

POMC links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP3

Multiple lines of computational evidence support a deleterious effect 8: AlphaMissense, BayesDel_noAF, Cadd, Dann, Eigen, MutationAssessor, PROVEAN, REVEL [when BayesDel_addAF, max_spliceai, FATHMM_MKL, MetaRNN, MutationTaster was below the threshold]

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.32396144).

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population amr. gnomad4_exome allele frequency = 0.0000308 (45/1461772) while in subpopulation AMR AF= 0.00101 (45/44712). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.000773. There are 0 homozygotes in gnomad4_exome. There are 16 alleles in male gnomad4_exome subpopulation. Median coverage is 32. This position pass quality control queck. Existence of Clinvar submissions makes me limit the strength of this signal to Supporting

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein
POMC	NM_000939.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.745C>T	p.Pro249Ser	missense_variant	3/3	ENST00000395826.7	NP_000930.1
POMC	NM_001035256.3 linkuse as main transcript	c.745C>T	p.Pro249Ser	missense_variant	4/4		NP_001030333.1
POMC	NM_001319204.2 linkuse as main transcript	c.745C>T	p.Pro249Ser	missense_variant	4/4		NP_001306133.1
POMC	NM_001319205.2 linkuse as main transcript	c.745C>T	p.Pro249Ser	missense_variant	3/3		NP_001306134.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
POMC	ENST00000395826.7 linkuse as main transcript	c.745C>T	p.Pro249Ser	missense_variant	3/3	2	NM_000939.4	ENSP00000379170	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

152088

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000655

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.000171

AC:

AN:

251144

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.000118

AC XY:

AN XY:

135800

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00124

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000308

AC:

AN:

1461772

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000220

AC XY:

AN XY:

727200

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00101

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

152088

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74284

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.0000655

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000712

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000378

ExAC

AF:

0.000148

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

POMC-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Aug 31, 2024

The POMC c.745C>T variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Pro249Ser. This variant was observed in a cohort of individuals with obesity, and in vitro functional studies showed function similar to wild-type levels (Supplemental Data Set, Shah et al. 2023. PubMed ID: 36864747). This variant is reported in 0.12% of alleles in individuals of Latino descent in gnomAD, which may be too common to be a primary cause of disease. Although we suspect that this variant may be benign, at this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Dec 24, 2022

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt POMC protein function. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with POMC-related conditions. This variant is present in population databases (rs761359264, gnomAD 0.1%). This sequence change replaces proline, which is neutral and non-polar, with serine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 249 of the POMC protein (p.Pro249Ser). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.80

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.029

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.14

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.87

D;D;D;D

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.90

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.83

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.97

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.97

D;.;.;.

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.11

MetaRNN

Benign

0.32

T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.70

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

2.9

M;M;M;M

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

D;D;D;D

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.51

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-7.0

D;D;D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.84

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D;D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.0040

D;D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;D;D;D

Vest4

0.33

MutPred

0.71

Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0501);Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0501);Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0501);Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0501);

MVP

0.98

MPC

1.0

ClinPred

0.55

GERP RS

5.2

Varity_R

0.93

gMVP

0.57

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over