2-25161140-G-A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points: 1P and 2B. PP3BP4BS1_Supporting

The NM_000939.4(POMC):c.745C>T(p.Pro249Ser) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000285 in 1,613,860 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000031 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

POMC
NM_000939.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:2

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.47

Publications

1 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

POMC (HGNC:9201): (proopiomelanocortin) This gene encodes a preproprotein that undergoes extensive, tissue-specific, post-translational processing via cleavage by subtilisin-like enzymes known as prohormone convertases. There are eight potential cleavage sites within the preproprotein and, depending on tissue type and the available convertases, processing may yield as many as ten biologically active peptides involved in diverse cellular functions. The encoded protein is synthesized mainly in corticotroph cells of the anterior pituitary where four cleavage sites are used; adrenocorticotrophin, essential for normal steroidogenesis and the maintenance of normal adrenal weight, and lipotropin beta are the major end products. In other tissues, including the hypothalamus, placenta, and epithelium, all cleavage sites may be used, giving rise to peptides with roles in pain and energy homeostasis, melanocyte stimulation, and immune modulation. These include several distinct melanotropins, lipotropins, and endorphins that are contained within the adrenocorticotrophin and beta-lipotropin peptides. The antimicrobial melanotropin alpha peptide exhibits antibacterial and antifungal activity. Mutations in this gene have been associated with early onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency, and red hair pigmentation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

POMC Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

obesity due to pro-opiomelanocortin deficiency
Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, MODERATE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp, Orphanet, Ambry Genetics
inherited obesity
Inheritance: SD, AD Classification: STRONG, LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics

POMC links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points.

PP3

Multiple lines of computational evidence support a deleterious effect 9: AlphaMissense, BayesDel_noAF, Cadd, Dann, Eigen, MutationAssessor, PROVEAN, REVEL, REVEL [when BayesDel_addAF, max_spliceai, FATHMM_MKL, MetaRNN, MutationTaster was below the threshold]

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.32396144).

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population amr. GnomAdExome4 allele frequency = 0.0000308 (45/1461772) while in subpopulation AMR AF = 0.00101 (45/44712). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.000773. There are 0 homozygotes in GnomAdExome4. There are 16 alleles in the male GnomAdExome4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 32. This position passed quality control check. Existence of Clinvar submissions makes me limit the strength of this signal to Supporting

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
POMC	NM_000939.4 link	c.745C>T	p.Pro249Ser	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 3	ENST00000395826.7	NP_000930.1	P01189
POMC	NM_001035256.3 link	c.745C>T	p.Pro249Ser	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 4		NP_001030333.1	P01189
POMC	NM_001319204.2 link	c.745C>T	p.Pro249Ser	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 4		NP_001306133.1	P01189
POMC	NM_001319205.2 link	c.745C>T	p.Pro249Ser	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 3		NP_001306134.1	P01189

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
POMC	ENST00000395826.7 link	c.745C>T	p.Pro249Ser	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 3	2	NM_000939.4	ENSP00000379170.2		P01189

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

152088

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000655

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.000171

AC:

AN:

251144

AF XY:

0.000118

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00124

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000308

AC:

AN:

1461772

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000220

AC XY:

AN XY:

727200

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33478

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00101

AC:

AN:

44712

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26130

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53330

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1112000

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60396

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.502

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

152088

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74284

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41420

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000655

AC:

AN:

15274

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5170

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4808

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10612

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68016

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2090

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.475

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.0000712

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000378

ExAC

AF:

0.000148

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

POMC-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Aug 31, 2024

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

The POMC c.745C>T variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Pro249Ser. This variant was observed in a cohort of individuals with obesity, and in vitro functional studies showed function similar to wild-type levels (Supplemental Data Set, Shah et al. 2023. PubMed ID: 36864747). This variant is reported in 0.12% of alleles in individuals of Latino descent in gnomAD, which may be too common to be a primary cause of disease. Although we suspect that this variant may be benign, at this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Dec 24, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt POMC protein function. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with POMC-related conditions. This variant is present in population databases (rs761359264, gnomAD 0.1%). This sequence change replaces proline, which is neutral and non-polar, with serine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 249 of the POMC protein (p.Pro249Ser). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.80

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.029

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.14

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.87

D;D;D;D

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.90

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.83

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.97

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.97

D;.;.;.

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.11

MetaRNN

Benign

0.32

T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.70

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

2.9

M;M;M;M

PhyloP100

7.5

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.51

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-7.0

D;D;D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.84

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D;D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.0040

D;D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;D;D;D

Vest4

0.33

MutPred

0.71

Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0501);Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0501);Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0501);Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0501);

MVP

0.98

MPC

1.0

ClinPred

0.55

GERP RS

5.2

Varity_R

0.93

gMVP

0.57

Mutation Taster

=34/66

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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2-25161140-G-A

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over