2-47403246-T-C

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points: 1P and 3B. PP3BP4_ModerateBP6

The NM_000251.3(MSH2):c.55T>C(p.Phe19Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000925 in 1,599,512 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00057 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000042 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

MSH2
NM_000251.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:3B:13

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.36

Variant links:

Genes affected

MSH2 (HGNC:7325): (mutS homolog 2) This locus is frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). When cloned, it was discovered to be a human homolog of the E. coli mismatch repair gene mutS, consistent with the characteristic alterations in microsatellite sequences (RER+ phenotype) found in HNPCC. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

MSH2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points.

PP3

Multiple lines of computational evidence support a deleterious effect 8: AlphaMissense, BayesDel_noAF, Cadd, Eigen, M_CAP, PrimateAI, PROVEAN, REVEL [when max_spliceai, FATHMM_MKL, MetaRNN, MutationTaster was below the threshold]

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.14656064).

BP6

Variant 2-47403246-T-C is Benign according to our data. Variant chr2-47403246-T-C is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 182595.We mark this variant Likely_benign, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_benign=8, Benign=4, Uncertain_significance=3}. Variant chr2-47403246-T-C is described in Lovd as [Likely_benign].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MSH2	NM_000251.3 link	c.55T>C	p.Phe19Leu	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 16	ENST00000233146.7	NP_000242.1	P43246-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MSH2	ENST00000233146.7 link	c.55T>C	p.Phe19Leu	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 16	1	NM_000251.3	ENSP00000233146.2		P43246-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000571

AC:

AN:

152264

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00210

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.000110

AC:

AN:

219030

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000837

AC XY:

AN XY:

119524

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00175

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000323

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000422

AC:

AN:

1447130

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000348

AC XY:

AN XY:

718710

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00156

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000475

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

9.04e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000835

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000571

AC:

AN:

152382

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000497

AC XY:

AN XY:

74520

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00209

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.000106

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000620

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00182

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.000199

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3Benign:13

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Lynch syndrome 1

Uncertain:2Benign:2

Dec 18, 2015

Counsyl

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Mar 19, 2022

Johns Hopkins Genomics, Johns Hopkins University

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Dec 02, 2024

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is considered benign. This variant has been observed in trans with a known pathogenic variant in one or more individuals lacking clinical features consistent with gene-specific recessive disease. This variant is strongly associated with less severe personal and family histories of cancer, typical for individuals without pathogenic variants in this gene [PMID: 27363726]. -

Jan 13, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Benign:4

Apr 27, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: curation

- -

Jan 02, 2022

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Nov 01, 2018

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Jan 27, 2025

Institute for Biomarker Research, Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, L.L.C.

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The missense variant NM_000251.3(MSH2):c.55T>C (p.Phe19Leu) has not been reported previously as a pathogenic variant nor as a benign variant, to our knowledge. There is a small physicochemical difference between phenylalanine and leucine, which is not likely to impact secondary protein structure as these residues share similar properties. The p.Phe19Leu missense variant is predicted to be damaging by both SIFT and PolyPhen2. The phenylalanine residue at codon 19 of MSH2 is conserved in all mammalian species. The nucleotide c.55 in MSH2 is predicted conserved by GERP++ and PhyloP across 100 vertebrates. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Benign -

not specified

Uncertain:1Benign:2

Mar 15, 2019

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Oct 07, 2024

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: MSH2 c.55T>C (p.Phe19Leu) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the DNA mismatch repair protein MutS-like, N-terminal domain (IPR007695) of the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00011 in 219030 control chromosomes, predominantly at a frequency of 0.0018 within the African or African-American subpopulation in the gnomAD database. The observed variant frequency within African or African-American control individuals in the gnomAD database is approximately 3 fold of the estimated maximal expected allele frequency for a pathogenic variant in MSH2 causing Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer phenotype (0.00057), strongly suggesting that the variant is a benign polymorphism found primarily in populations of African or African-American origin. c.55T>C has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Colorectal Cancer (e.g. Thompson_2013) and breast cancer (e.g. Maxwell_2014) without strong evidence for causality. These reports do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer. Co-occurrences with other pathogenic variant(s) have been reported (MLH1 c.1624C>T, p.Gln542X), providing supporting evidence for a benign role. At least one publication reports the variant as non-pathogenic based on a genetic screen that assesses the MMR-abrogating effect of endogenously expressed Msh2 variants in mESCs (example, Houlleberghs_2016). The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 22949387, 25503501, 26951660, 30998989). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 182595). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely benign. -

Oct 25, 2021

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

DNA sequence analysis of the MSH2 gene demonstrated a sequence change, c.55T>C, in exon 1 that results in an amino acid change, p.Phe19Leu. This sequence change does not appear to have been previously described in individuals with MSH2-related disorders. This sequence change has been described in the gnomAD database with a frequency of 0.20% in the African subpopulation (dbSNP rs141711342). The p.Phe19Leu change affects a highly conserved amino acid residue located in a domain of the MSH2 protein that is known to be functional. The p.Phe19Leu substitution appears to be deleterious using several in-silico pathogenicity prediction tools (SIFT, PolyPhen2, Align GVGD, REVEL). Due to insufficient evidence and the lack of functional studies, the clinical significance of the p.Phe19Leu change remains unknown at this time. -

MSH2-related disorder

Benign:1

Feb 11, 2022

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is classified as likely benign based on ACMG/AMP sequence variant interpretation guidelines (Richards et al. 2015 PMID: 25741868, with internal and published modifications). -

Breast and/or ovarian cancer

Benign:1

Jan 12, 2023

CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer

Benign:1

Aug 22, 2023

Mendelics

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not provided

Benign:1

Apr 27, 2021

GeneDx

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25503501, 22949387, 25256751) -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms

Benign:1

Feb 03, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.99

BayesDel_addAF

Uncertain

0.11

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.38

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.78

D;.;.

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.80

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.76

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.97

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.90

D;D;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.73

MetaRNN

Benign

0.15

T;T;T

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.72

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.9

M;.;.

PrimateAI

Pathogenic

0.83

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-4.7

D;.;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.93

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;.;D

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;.;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;.;D

Vest4

0.85

MutPred

0.76

Gain of disorder (P = 0.2072);Gain of disorder (P = 0.2072);Gain of disorder (P = 0.2072);

MVP

0.92

MPC

0.033

ClinPred

0.30

GERP RS

5.5

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.92

RBP_regulation_power_radar

2.7

Varity_R

0.96

gMVP

0.59

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over