2-47408461-A-T

Position:

• chr2-47408461-A-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 3 ACMG points: 3P and 0B. PM2 PP3

The NM_000251.3(MSH2):​c.272A>T​(p.Asp91Val) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000685 in 1,460,914 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: MSH2 NM_000251.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:6
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.36

Genes affected

MSH2 (HGNC:7325): (mutS homolog 2) This locus is frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). When cloned, it was discovered to be a human homolog of the E. coli mismatch repair gene mutS, consistent with the characteristic alterations in microsatellite sequences (RER+ phenotype) found in HNPCC. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

MSH2 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 3 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.829

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MSH2	NM_000251.3	c.272A>T	p.Asp91Val	missense_variant	2/16	ENST00000233146.7	NP_000242.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MSH2	ENST00000233146.7	c.272A>T	p.Asp91Val	missense_variant	2/16	1	NM_000251.3	ENSP00000233146.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.85e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1460914 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 726800

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 9.00e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

Bravo AF: 0.00000756

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:6

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Oct 18, 2024	The p.D91V variant (also known as c.272A>T), located in coding exon 2 of the MSH2 gene, results from an A to T substitution at nucleotide position 272. The aspartic acid at codon 91 is replaced by valine, an amino acid with highly dissimilar properties. This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Jun 06, 2019	- -

Lynch syndrome 1 Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

May 16, 2023

- -

Lynch syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Jun 09, 2024

This missense variant replaces aspartic acid with valine at codon 91 of the MSH2 protein. Computational prediction is inconclusive regarding the impact of this variant on protein structure and function. A functional study utilizing selection with the purine analog 6-thioguanine (which is selectively toxic to MMR-proficient cells), showed this variant to have increased sensitivity to the drug indicating the variant protein was functional (PMID: 33357406). This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with MSH2-related disorders in the literature. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Muir-Torré syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

MGZ Medical Genetics Center

Nov 09, 2021

- -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Nov 23, 2022

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Advanced modeling performed at Invitae incorporating data from internal and/or published experimental studies (PMID: 33357406) indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt MSH2 function. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 234193). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with MSH2-related conditions. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces aspartic acid, which is acidic and polar, with valine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 91 of the MSH2 protein (p.Asp91Val). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.82
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.32	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.23
CADD	Pathogenic	27
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.78	D;D;.;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.21
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.076
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.95	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	D;D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.29	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.83	D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.42	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.0	M;.;.;.;.
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.63	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.5	D;D;D;.;D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.62
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	D;D;D;.;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0020	D;D;D;.;D
Polyphen		0.99	D;.;.;.;D
Vest4		0.79
MutPred		0.63		Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0177);.;.;Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0177);Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0177);
MVP		0.96
MPC		0.023
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		1.6
Varity_R		0.80
gMVP		0.71

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.040		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs876660914; hg19: chr2-47635600;