2-47416297-G-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. Variant got -9 ACMG points: 0P and 9B. BP4BP6_Very_Strong

The NM_000251.3(MSH2):c.944G>T(p.Gly315Val) variant causes a missense, splice region change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000956 in 1,611,174 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 2/3 splice prediction tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely benign (★★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000059 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000099 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

MSH2
NM_000251.3 missense, splice_region

Scores

Splicing: ADA: 0.9587

Clinical Significance

Likely benign reviewed by expert panel U:2B:12

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.45

Variant links:

Genes affected

MSH2 (HGNC:7325): (mutS homolog 2) This locus is frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). When cloned, it was discovered to be a human homolog of the E. coli mismatch repair gene mutS, consistent with the characteristic alterations in microsatellite sequences (RER+ phenotype) found in HNPCC. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

MSH2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Benign. Variant got -9 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.37968466).

BP6

Variant 2-47416297-G-T is Benign according to our data. Variant chr2-47416297-G-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_benign]. Clinvar id is 41652.Status of the report is reviewed_by_expert_panel, 3 stars. Variant chr2-47416297-G-T is described in Lovd as [Likely_benign].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MSH2	NM_000251.3 link	c.944G>T	p.Gly315Val	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	Exon 6 of 16	ENST00000233146.7	NP_000242.1	P43246-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MSH2	ENST00000233146.7 link	c.944G>T	p.Gly315Val	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	Exon 6 of 16	1	NM_000251.3	ENSP00000233146.2		P43246-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000592

AC:

AN:

152106

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000655

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00144

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000294

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.000207

AC:

AN:

251346

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.000317

AC XY:

AN XY:

135850

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00198

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.000947

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000176

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000163

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000994

AC:

145

AN:

1459068

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000140

AC XY:

102

AN XY:

726096

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00176

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.000928

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000991

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.000116

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000592

AC:

AN:

152106

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000538

AC XY:

AN XY:

74284

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.0000655

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00144

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000294

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.000290

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000756

ExAC

AF:

0.000173

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Likely benign

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2Benign:12

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not specified

Uncertain:1Benign:2

Oct 30, 2023

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: MSH2 c.944G>T (p.Gly315Val) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the DNA mismatch repair protein MutS, core (IPR007696) of the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. c.944G>T is also close to canonical acceptor site of intron 5. Consensus agreement among computation tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. However, these predictions have yet to be confirmed by functional studies. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00021 in 251346 control chromosomes, predominantly at a frequency of 0.00095 within the South Asian subpopulation in the gnomAD database. The observed variant frequency within South Asian control individuals in the gnomAD database is approximately 2 fold of the estimated maximal expected allele frequency for a pathogenic variant in MSH2 causing Lynch Syndrome phenotype (0.00057), strongly suggesting that the variant is a benign polymorphism found primarily in populations of South Asian origin. c.944G>T has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Lynch Syndrome, Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer and an indiviudal without cancer history (example, Gonzalez-Garay_2013, Johnston_2012, Syngal_1999, Thompson_2020), without strong evidence for causality. These report(s) do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Lynch Syndrome. At least one publication reports experimental evidence evaluating an impact on protein function (Thompson_2020). These results showed no damaging effect of this variant by splicing assays. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 24082139, 22703879, 10422993, 32849802). Nine submitters have cited clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 (VUS=1, Benign/Likely Benign=8). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely benign. -

May 18, 2018

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Mar 04, 2025

Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not provided

Uncertain:1Benign:2

Jul 13, 2012

Biesecker Lab/Clinical Genomics Section, National Institutes of Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: research

- -

Aug 03, 2020

GeneDx

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 10422993, 24082139, 22703879, 19690142, 25559809, 25203624, 26976419, 27600092, 27720647, 32849802) -

Sep 06, 2023

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Benign:3

Mar 21, 2016

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This alteration is classified as benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

May 23, 2018

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

May 05, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: curation

- -

MSH2-related disorder

Benign:1

Feb 21, 2020

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is classified as likely benign based on ACMG/AMP sequence variant interpretation guidelines (Richards et al. 2015 PMID: 25741868, with internal and published modifications). -

Lynch syndrome 1

Benign:1

Dec 05, 2024

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is considered benign. This variant is strongly associated with less severe personal and family histories of cancer, typical for individuals without pathogenic variants in this gene [PMID: 27363726]. This variant has been observed in conjunction with multiple pathogenic variants, reducing the likelihood this variant itself is pathogenic. -

Lynch syndrome

Benign:1

Dec 19, 2018

International Society for Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumours (InSiGHT)

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: reviewed by expert panel

Collection Method: curation

Multifactorial likelihood analysis posterior probability < 0.05 (0.009) -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms

Benign:1

Jan 21, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Malignant tumor of breast

Benign:1

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

The MSH2 p.Gly315Val variant was identified in 6 of 3350 proband chromosomes (frequency: 0.002) from individuals or families with Lynch Syndrome, colon cancer, or breast cancer and was not identified in 172 control chromosomes from healthy individuals (Gonzalez-Garay 2013, Johnston 2012, Mueller 2009, Pillar 2015, Syngal 1999, Tung 2016). The variant was also identified in dbSNP (ID: rs202026056) as "With Uncertain significance allele", and in ClinVar (classified as benign by Invitae, Ambry Genetics; as likely benign by GeneDx, Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano; as uncertain significance by Color Genomics and Biesecker Lab/Human Development Section, National Institutes of Health). The variant was not identified in GeneInsight-COGR, Cosmic, MutDB, UMD-LSDB, Zhejiang University Database, Mismatch Repair Genes Variant Database, or in Insight Hereditary Tumors Database. The variant was identified in control databases in 55 of 277094 chromosomes at a frequency of 0.0002 increasing the likelihood this could be a low frequency benign variant (Genome Aggregation Database Feb 27, 2017). The variant was observed in the following populations: Other in 1 of 6464 chromosomes (freq: 0.000155), European in 3 of 126640 chromosomes (freq: 0.00002), Ashkenazi Jewish in 21 of 10152 chromosomes (freq: 0.002), and South Asian in 30 of 30778 chromosomes (freq: 0.001), while the variant was not observed in the African, Latino, East Asian, and Finnish populations. The p.Gly315 residue is conserved in mammals and computational analyses (PolyPhen-2, SIFT, AlignGVGD, BLOSUM, MutationTaster) provide inconsistent predictions regarding the impact to the protein; this information is not very predictive of pathogenicity. The p.Gly315Val variant occurs in the first three bases of the exon. This position has been shown to be part of the splicing consensus sequence and variants involving this position sometimes affect splicing. However, in silico or computational prediction software programs (SpliceSiteFinder, MaxEntScan, NNSPLICE, GeneSplicer, HumanSpliceFinder) do not predict a difference in splicing. In summary, based on the above information the clinical significance of this variant cannot be determined with certainty at this time although we would lean towards a more benign role for this variant. This variant is classified as likely benign. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.11

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.18

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.42

CADD

Uncertain

DANN

Uncertain

0.99

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.75

D;.;.;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.23

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.39

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

1.0

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.91

D;D;D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.16

MetaRNN

Benign

0.38

T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.37

MutationAssessor

Benign

2.0

M;.;.;.

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.64

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-4.3

D;D;.;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.79

Sift

Uncertain

0.0010

D;D;.;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.048

D;D;.;D

Polyphen

0.0060

B;.;.;B

Vest4

0.87

MVP

0.99

MPC

0.0069

ClinPred

0.15

GERP RS

5.6

Varity_R

0.72

gMVP

0.41

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

dbscSNV1_ADA

Pathogenic

0.96

dbscSNV1_RF

Benign

0.71

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over