20-23688914-A-C

Variant names:

• chr20-23688914-A-C
• rs1016273813
• NM_001899.3:c.56T>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_001899.3(CST4):​c.56T>G​(p.Leu19Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,461,882 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 15/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. L19M) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: CST4 NM_001899.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.190
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

CST4 (HGNC:2476): (cystatin S) The cystatin superfamily encompasses proteins that contain multiple cystatin-like sequences. Some of the members are active cysteine protease inhibitors, while others have lost or perhaps never acquired this inhibitory activity. There are three inhibitory families in the superfamily, including the type 1 cystatins (stefins), type 2 cystatins and the kininogens. The type 2 cystatin proteins are a class of cysteine proteinase inhibitors found in a variety of human fluids and secretions. The cystatin locus on chromosome 20 contains the majority of the type 2 cystatin genes and pseudogenes. This gene is located in the cystatin locus and encodes a type 2 salivary cysteine peptidase inhibitor. The protein is an S-type cystatin, based on its high level of expression in saliva, tears and seminal plasma. The specific role in these fluids is unclear but antibacterial and antiviral activity is present, consistent with a protective function. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.1611757).

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_001899.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	CST4	NM_001899.3	MANE Select	c.56T>G	p.Leu19Arg	missense	Exon 1 of 3	NP_001890.1	P01036

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	CST4	ENST00000217423.4	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.56T>G	p.Leu19Arg	missense	Exon 1 of 3	ENSP00000217423.3	P01036

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2 AN: 1461882 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 727248

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33478

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44722

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86258

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53418

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1112006

Other (OTH) AF: 0.0000331 AC: 2 AN: 60396

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.11
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.23	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.57
CADD	Benign	3.0
DANN	Benign	0.39
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.052	T
Eigen	Benign	-1.6
Eigen_PC	Benign	-1.7
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.0066	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.26	T
M_CAP	Benign	0.0013	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.16	T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.0	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.0	N
PhyloP100		0.19
PrimateAI	Benign	0.36	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.8	D
REVEL	Benign	0.097
Sift	Benign	0.49	T
Sift4G	Benign	0.11	T
Polyphen		0.33	B
Vest4		0.44
MutPred		0.56		Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.0171)
MVP		0.030
MPC		0.0040
ClinPred		0.18	T
GERP RS		0.27
PromoterAI		0.020	Neutral
Varity_R		0.16
gMVP		0.28
Mutation Taster		=96/4	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1016273813; hg19: chr20-23669551;