20-63442518-G-C

Variant names:

• chr20-63442518-G-C
• rs797045638
• NM_172107.4:c.704C>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3 PP5_Moderate

The NM_172107.4(KCNQ2):​c.704C>G​(p.Ala235Gly) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,560 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. A235T) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 29)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: KCNQ2 NM_172107.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.77
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

KCNQ2 (HGNC:6296): (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 2) The M channel is a slowly activating and deactivating potassium channel that plays a critical role in the regulation of neuronal excitability. The M channel is formed by the association of the protein encoded by this gene and a related protein encoded by the KCNQ3 gene, both integral membrane proteins. M channel currents are inhibited by M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and activated by retigabine, a novel anti-convulsant drug. Defects in this gene are a cause of benign familial neonatal convulsions type 1 (BFNC), also known as epilepsy, benign neonatal type 1 (EBN1). At least five transcript variants encoding five different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

KCNQ2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• complex neurodevelopmental disorder

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 7

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
• neonatal encephalopathy with non-epileptic myoclonus

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• neonatal-onset developmental and epileptic encephalopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• seizures, benign familial neonatal, 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
• seizures, benign familial neonatal, 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• benign familial infantile epilepsy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• benign neonatal seizures

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 10 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 27 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 9 uncertain in NM_172107.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr20-63442519-C-T is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 872261.
• PP2: Missense variant in the KCNQ2 gene, where missense mutations are typically associated with disease (based on misZ statistic). The gene has 319 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 78 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 4.0411 (above the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 3.6968 (above the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to benign familial infantile epilepsy, malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy, developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 7, benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures, benign neonatal seizures, neonatal-onset developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, complex neurodevelopmental disorder, seizures, benign familial neonatal, 2, seizures, benign familial neonatal, 1, neonatal encephalopathy with non-epileptic myoclonus.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.82
• PP5: Variant 20-63442518-G-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr20-63442518-G-C is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 1959325.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_172107.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	KCNQ2	NM_172107.4	MANE Select	c.704C>G	p.Ala235Gly	missense	Exon 5 of 17	NP_742105.1
	KCNQ2	NM_001382235.1		c.704C>G	p.Ala235Gly	missense	Exon 5 of 17	NP_001369164.1
	KCNQ2	NM_172106.3		c.704C>G	p.Ala235Gly	missense	Exon 5 of 16	NP_742104.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	KCNQ2	ENST00000359125.7	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.704C>G	p.Ala235Gly	missense	Exon 5 of 17	ENSP00000352035.2
	KCNQ2	ENST00000626839.2	TSL:1	c.704C>G	p.Ala235Gly	missense	Exon 5 of 16	ENSP00000486706.1
	KCNQ2	ENST00000344462.8	TSL:1	c.704C>G	p.Ala235Gly	missense	Exon 5 of 16	ENSP00000339611.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 29

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461560 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727078

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44716

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26124

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86256

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53166

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5766

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 8.99e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1111968

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60384

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 29

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions as Germline

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
1	-	-	Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.96
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.38	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.31
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.43	T
Eigen	Benign	-0.0026
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.089
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.97	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.37	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.82	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.88	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.5	L
PhyloP100		9.8
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.84	D
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.6	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.74
Sift	Uncertain	0.0020	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.032	D
Polyphen		0.0020	B
Vest4		0.84
MutPred		0.68		Loss of stability (P = 0.1094)
MVP		1.0
MPC		1.5
ClinPred		0.95	D
GERP RS		3.3
Varity_R		0.92
gMVP		0.98
Mutation Taster		=2/98	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs797045638; hg19: chr20-62073871;