20-63444714-T-G

Variant names:

• chr20-63444714-T-G
• rs118192202
• NM_172107.4:c.635A>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 13 ACMG points: 13P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Strong PP5_Moderate

The NM_172107.4(KCNQ2):​c.635A>C​(p.Asp212Ala) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. D212Y) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: KCNQ2 NM_172107.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.09
• Publications: 7 publications found

Genes affected

KCNQ2 (HGNC:6296): (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 2) The M channel is a slowly activating and deactivating potassium channel that plays a critical role in the regulation of neuronal excitability. The M channel is formed by the association of the protein encoded by this gene and a related protein encoded by the KCNQ3 gene, both integral membrane proteins. M channel currents are inhibited by M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and activated by retigabine, a novel anti-convulsant drug. Defects in this gene are a cause of benign familial neonatal convulsions type 1 (BFNC), also known as epilepsy, benign neonatal type 1 (EBN1). At least five transcript variants encoding five different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

KCNQ2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• complex neurodevelopmental disorder

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 7

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
• neonatal encephalopathy with non-epileptic myoclonus

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• neonatal-onset developmental and epileptic encephalopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• seizures, benign familial neonatal, 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
• seizures, benign familial neonatal, 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• benign familial infantile epilepsy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• benign neonatal seizures

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 13 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 30 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 5 uncertain in NM_172107.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr20-63444715-C-T is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 2097600.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant in the KCNQ2 gene, where missense mutations are typically associated with disease (based on misZ statistic). The gene has 319 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 78 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 4.0411 (above the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 3.6968 (above the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to benign familial infantile epilepsy, malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy, developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 7, benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures, benign neonatal seizures, neonatal-onset developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, complex neurodevelopmental disorder, seizures, benign familial neonatal, 2, seizures, benign familial neonatal, 1, neonatal encephalopathy with non-epileptic myoclonus.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.955
• PP5: Variant 20-63444714-T-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr20-63444714-T-G is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 944385.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_172107.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	KCNQ2	NM_172107.4	MANE Select	c.635A>C	p.Asp212Ala	missense	Exon 4 of 17	NP_742105.1
	KCNQ2	NM_001382235.1		c.635A>C	p.Asp212Ala	missense	Exon 4 of 17	NP_001369164.1
	KCNQ2	NM_172106.3		c.635A>C	p.Asp212Ala	missense	Exon 4 of 16	NP_742104.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	KCNQ2	ENST00000359125.7	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.635A>C	p.Asp212Ala	missense	Exon 4 of 17	ENSP00000352035.2
	KCNQ2	ENST00000626839.2	TSL:1	c.635A>C	p.Asp212Ala	missense	Exon 4 of 16	ENSP00000486706.1
	KCNQ2	ENST00000344462.8	TSL:1	c.635A>C	p.Asp212Ala	missense	Exon 4 of 16	ENSP00000339611.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy Pathogenic:1

Jul 01, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces aspartic acid, which is acidic and polar, with alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 212 of the KCNQ2 protein (p.Asp212Ala). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with KCNQ2-related disease (Invitae). In at least one individual the variant was observed to be de novo. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 944385). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt KCNQ2 protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. This variant disrupts the p.Asp212 amino acid residue in KCNQ2. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 19344764, 22455920). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.49	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.47
CADD	Pathogenic	31
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.45	T
Eigen	Uncertain	0.45
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.44
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.94	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.95	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.3	L
PhyloP100		6.1
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.85	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-7.2	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.92
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0020	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.90
MutPred		0.77		Loss of stability (P = 0.0772)
MVP		0.99
MPC		3.1
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		4.0
PromoterAI		-0.013	Neutral
Varity_R		0.95
gMVP		0.98
Mutation Taster		=0/100	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs118192202; hg19: chr20-62076067;