21-31659788-T-G

Position:

• chr21-31659788-T-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Strong PP5_Moderate

The NM_000454.5(SOD1):​c.19T>G​(p.Cys7Gly) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. C7W) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: SOD1 NM_000454.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.02

Genes affected

SOD1 (HGNC:11179): (superoxide dismutase 1) The protein encoded by this gene binds copper and zinc ions and is one of two isozymes responsible for destroying free superoxide radicals in the body. The encoded isozyme is a soluble cytoplasmic protein, acting as a homodimer to convert naturally-occuring but harmful superoxide radicals to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. The other isozyme is a mitochondrial protein. In addition, this protein contains an antimicrobial peptide that displays antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-MRSA activity against E. coli, E. faecalis, S. aureus, S. aureus MRSA LPV+, S. agalactiae, and yeast C. krusei. Mutations in this gene have been implicated as causes of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Rare transcript variants have been reported for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2020]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a strand (size 7) in uniprot entity SODC_HUMAN there are 7 pathogenic changes around while only 0 benign (100%) in NM_000454.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr21-31659790-C-G is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.992
• PP5: Variant 21-31659788-T-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr21-31659788-T-G is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 1500897.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
SOD1	NM_000454.5	c.19T>G	p.Cys7Gly	missense_variant	1/5	ENST00000270142.11	NP_000445.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
SOD1	ENST00000270142.11	c.19T>G	p.Cys7Gly	missense_variant	1/5	1	NM_000454.5	ENSP00000270142	P1
SOD1	ENST00000389995.4	c.15+4T>G		splice_donor_region_variant, intron_variant		3		ENSP00000374645
SOD1	ENST00000470944.1	n.80T>G		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	1/5	2
SOD1	ENST00000476106.5	n.96T>G		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	1/5	5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000399 AC: 1 AN: 250532 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000737 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 135708

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000884

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 1 Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Oct 31, 2021

In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. This variant disrupts the p.Cys7 amino acid residue in SOD1. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 21073275, 21329474, 21603025). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects SOD1 function (PMID: 23280792). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt SOD1 protein function. This variant is also known as p.Cys6Gly. This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (PMID: 10624810). This variant is present in population databases (no rsID available, gnomAD 0.0009%). This sequence change replaces cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, with glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 7 of the SOD1 protein (p.Cys7Gly). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.64
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.56	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.57
CADD	Pathogenic	30
DANN	Uncertain	0.97
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.85	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.73
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.62
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.86	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.98	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.0	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.0	H
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.74	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-9.5	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.95
Sift	Uncertain	0.0030	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0030	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.91
MutPred		0.87		Gain of disorder (P = 0.0037);
MVP		1.0
MPC		2.6
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.0
Varity_R		0.98
gMVP		0.96

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1312702973; hg19: chr21-33032101;