22-28695237-C-G

Position:

chr22-28695237-C-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -1 ACMG points: 0P and 1B. BP4

The NM_007194.4(CHEK2):c.1265G>C(p.Ser422Thr) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000761 in 1,575,974 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000077 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

CHEK2
NM_007194.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:7

Conservation

PhyloP100: 6.26

Variant links:

Genes affected

CHEK2 (HGNC:16627): (checkpoint kinase 2) In response to DNA damage and replication blocks, cell cycle progression is halted through the control of critical cell cycle regulators. The protein encoded by this gene is a cell cycle checkpoint regulator and putative tumor suppressor. It contains a forkhead-associated protein interaction domain essential for activation in response to DNA damage and is rapidly phosphorylated in response to replication blocks and DNA damage. When activated, the encoded protein is known to inhibit CDC25C phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis, and has been shown to stabilize the tumor suppressor protein p53, leading to cell cycle arrest in G1. In addition, this protein interacts with and phosphorylates BRCA1, allowing BRCA1 to restore survival after DNA damage. Mutations in this gene have been linked with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a highly penetrant familial cancer phenotype usually associated with inherited mutations in TP53. Also, mutations in this gene are thought to confer a predisposition to sarcomas, breast cancer, and brain tumors. This nuclear protein is a member of the CDS1 subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

CHEK2 links:

CHEK2 (HGNC:):

CHEK2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -1 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.3046047).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CHEK2	NM_007194.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.1265G>C	p.Ser422Thr	missense_variant	12/15	ENST00000404276.6	NP_009125.1	O96017-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CHEK2	ENST00000404276.6 linkuse as main transcript	c.1265G>C	p.Ser422Thr	missense_variant	12/15	1	NM_007194.4	ENSP00000385747.1		O96017-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152170

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000192

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.00000799

AC:

AN:

250340

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.00000739

AC XY:

AN XY:

135346

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000109

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000773

AC:

AN:

1423686

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000563

AC XY:

AN XY:

710632

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.000278

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152288

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000134

AC XY:

AN XY:

74458

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.000193

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

ExAC

AF:

0.0000247

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:7

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Oct 10, 2022	This missense variant replaces serine with threonine at codon 422 of the CHEK2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. In a breast cancer case-control study, this variant has been observed in 5/7051 female cases and 5/11241 female controls (OR=1.59, 95% confidence interval 0.4-6.9) (PMID: 30287823). This variant has been identified in 2/250340 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Apr 22, 2024	The p.S422T variant (also known as c.1265G>C), located in coding exon 11 of the CHEK2 gene, results from a G to C substitution at nucleotide position 1265. The serine at codon 422 is replaced by threonine, an amino acid with similar properties. This alteration was observed with an allele frequency of 0.00071 in 7,051 unselected female breast cancer patients and was observed with an allele frequency of 0.00044 in 11,241 female controls of Japanese ancestry. In addition, it was not observed in unselected male breast cancer patients and was observed with an allele frequency of 0.0007 in 12490 male controls of Japanese ancestry (Momozawa Y et al. Nat Commun, 2018 10;9:4083). This alteration was reported as functional in a study assessing CHEK2-complementation through quantification of KAP1 phosphorylation and CHK2 autophosphorylation in human RPE1-CHEK2-knockout cells (Stolarova L et al. Clin Cancer Res. 2023 Aug;29(16):3037-3050). This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Familial cancer of breast

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Oct 18, 2023	This sequence change replaces serine, which is neutral and polar, with threonine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 422 of the CHEK2 protein (p.Ser422Thr). This variant is present in population databases (rs549755590, gnomAD 0.02%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with breast cancer and biliary cancer (PMID: 30287823, 36243179). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 142901). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant¬†is likely to be tolerated. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	May 15, 2023	- -

not specified

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Nov 18, 2019

Variant summary: CHEK2 c.1265G>C (p.Ser422Thr) results in a conservative amino acid change located in the protein kinase domain (IPR000719) of the encoded protein sequence. Three of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 8e-06 in 250340 control chromosomes, predominantly at a frequency of 0.00011 within the East Asian subpopulation in the gnomAD database. The available data on variant occurrences in the general population are insufficient to allow any conclusion about variant significance. c.1265G>C has been reported in the literature in sequencing studies of individuals of Japanese ancestry affected with Breast and Ovarian Cancer (Momozawa_2018, Tanabe_2016). These report(s) do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer. Co-occurrence with another pathogenic variant has been reported at our laboratory (BRCA1 c.2162_2163delTT, p.Phe721CysfsX4), providing supporting evidence for a benign role. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Two clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. All laboratories classified the variant as uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

CHEK2-related cancer predisposition

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Jan 12, 2018

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease. -

Hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

research

Cancer Genomics Group, Japanese Foundation For Cancer Research

May 01, 2019

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Uncertain

0.51

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.27

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.36

CADD

Uncertain

DANN

Uncertain

0.99

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.12

T;.;T;.;T;.;T;.;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.24

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.43

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.98

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.91

.;D;.;D;.;D;D;D;.

M_CAP

Benign

0.024

MetaRNN

Benign

0.30

T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.67

MutationAssessor

Benign

-0.13

N;.;N;.;N;.;N;.;.

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.57

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.1

N;N;N;.;N;N;.;N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.16

Sift

Benign

0.17

T;T;T;.;T;T;.;T;T

Sift4G

Benign

0.17

T;T;T;.;T;T;.;D;T

Polyphen

0.74

P;P;P;.;P;P;P;P;P

Vest4

0.38

MutPred

0.62

Loss of glycosylation at S422 (P = 0.0964);.;Loss of glycosylation at S422 (P = 0.0964);.;Loss of glycosylation at S422 (P = 0.0964);.;Loss of glycosylation at S422 (P = 0.0964);.;.;

MVP

0.48

MPC

0.027

ClinPred

0.27

GERP RS

5.8

Varity_R

0.59

gMVP

0.58

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.11

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over