22-28695237-C-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points: 0P and 0B.

The NM_007194.4(CHEK2):c.1265G>A(p.Ser422Asn) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000184 in 1,575,856 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000020 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

CHEK2
NM_007194.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:12O:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 6.26

Variant links:

Genes affected

CHEK2 (HGNC:16627): (checkpoint kinase 2) In response to DNA damage and replication blocks, cell cycle progression is halted through the control of critical cell cycle regulators. The protein encoded by this gene is a cell cycle checkpoint regulator and putative tumor suppressor. It contains a forkhead-associated protein interaction domain essential for activation in response to DNA damage and is rapidly phosphorylated in response to replication blocks and DNA damage. When activated, the encoded protein is known to inhibit CDC25C phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis, and has been shown to stabilize the tumor suppressor protein p53, leading to cell cycle arrest in G1. In addition, this protein interacts with and phosphorylates BRCA1, allowing BRCA1 to restore survival after DNA damage. Mutations in this gene have been linked with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a highly penetrant familial cancer phenotype usually associated with inherited mutations in TP53. Also, mutations in this gene are thought to confer a predisposition to sarcomas, breast cancer, and brain tumors. This nuclear protein is a member of the CDS1 subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

CHEK2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CHEK2	NM_007194.4 link	c.1265G>A	p.Ser422Asn	missense_variant	Exon 12 of 15	ENST00000404276.6	NP_009125.1	O96017-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CHEK2	ENST00000404276.6 link	c.1265G>A	p.Ser422Asn	missense_variant	Exon 12 of 15	1	NM_007194.4	ENSP00000385747.1		O96017-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152170

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.00000799

AC:

AN:

250340

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

135346

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000290

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000884

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

1423686

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000169

AC XY:

AN XY:

710632

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000169

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152170

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74330

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Bravo

AF:

0.00000378

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:12Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:5

Dec 02, 2022

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; In silico analysis is inconclusive as to whether the variant alters gene splicing. In the absence of RNA/functional studies, the actual effect of this sequence change is unknown.; Identified in patients with breast cancer but also in controls (Decker et al., 2017; Girard et al., 2019; Dorling et al., 2021); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 30303537, 28779002, 22419737, 19782031, 33471991) -

Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Joint Genome Diagnostic Labs from Nijmegen and Maastricht, Radboudumc and MUMC+

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Sep 30, 2016

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: The CHEK2 c.1265G>A (p.Ser422Asn) variant located in the Protein kinase-like domain (via InterPro) causes a missense change involving a conserved nucleotide with 3/4 in silico tools (SNPs&GO not captured here due to low reliability) predict a "damaging" outcome, although these predictions have yet to be functionally assessed. The variant of interest was observed in the large, broad control population, ExAC, with an allele frequency of 1/115744 control chromosomes at a frequency of 0.0000086, which does not exceed the estimated maximal expected allele frequency of a pathogenic CHEK2 variant (0.0000284). In addition, a clinical diagnostic laboratory cites the variant as "uncertain significance." The variant of interest has not, to our knowledge, been reported in affected individuals via publications. Because of the absence of clinical information and the lack of functional studies, the variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance (VUS) until additional information becomes available. -

Familial cancer of breast

Uncertain:4

Sep 06, 2023

Baylor Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 13, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces serine, which is neutral and polar, with asparagine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 422 of the CHEK2 protein (p.Ser422Asn). RNA analysis indicates that this missense change induces altered splicing and likely results in the loss of 12 and gain of 1 amino acid residue(s), but is expected to preserve the integrity of the reading-frame. This variant is present in population databases (rs549755590, gnomAD 0.003%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with breast cancer, renal cancer (PMID: 30303537). This variant is also known as p.Ser465Asn. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 182436). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. Studies have shown that this missense change results in the activation of a cryptic splice site in exon 12 (internal data). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Sep 22, 2017

Counsyl

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Mar 08, 2023

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance as there is insufficient evidence to determine its impact on protein function and/or cancer risk. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

May 11, 2022

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This missense variant replaces serine with asparagine at codon 422 of the CHEK2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with breast cancer in the literature, but has also been observed in control individuals (PMID: 28779002, 30287823, 30303537, 33471991). This variant has been identified in 2/250340 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Jan 18, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.S422N variant (also known as c.1265G>A), located in coding exon 11 of the CHEK2 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 1265. The serine at codon 422 is replaced by asparagine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This alteration has been reported in at least one breast cancer patient in a study of 13087 breast cancer cases and 5488 control individuals in the UK (Decker B et al. J Med Genet. 2017 11;54:732-741). This alteration was also identified in 1/1207 cases of French women diagnosed with breast cancer who had a sister with breast cancer and were BRCA1 and BRCA2 negative and 0/1199 general population controls (Girard E et al. Int J Cancer 2019 04;144:1962-1974). Another study reported the alteration in 4/60,466 breast cancer cases and in 1/53,461 controls (Dorling et al. N Engl J Med. 2021 02;384:428-439). This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

CHEK2-related disorder

Uncertain:1

May 01, 2024

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

The CHEK2 c.1265G>A variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Ser422Asn. This variant has been reported in patients with breast cancer and renal cell carcinoma (Table S3, Girard et al. 2019. PubMed ID: 30303537; Table S1B, Yngvadottir et al. 2022. PubMed ID: 35441217). This variant is reported in 0.0029% of alleles in individuals of Latino descent in gnomAD and is interpreted as uncertain in ClinVar (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/182436/). At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Familial cancer of breast;C0346629:Colorectal cancer

Other:1

GenomeConnect - Invitae Patient Insights Network

Significance: not provided

Review Status: no classification provided

Collection Method: phenotyping only

Variant interpreted as Uncertain significance and reported on 05-07-2019 by Lab Invitae. GenomeConnect-Invitae Patient Insights Network assertions are reported exactly as they appear on the patient-provided report from the testing laboratory. Registry team members make no attempt to reinterpret the clinical significance of the variant. Phenotypic details are available under supporting information. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.96

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.16

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.38

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.16

T;.;T;.;T;.;T;.;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.55

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.64

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.98

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.94

.;D;.;D;.;D;D;D;.

M_CAP

Benign

0.024

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.55

D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.78

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.5

L;.;L;.;L;.;L;.;.

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.61

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.5

N;N;N;.;N;N;.;N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.18

Sift

Benign

0.059

T;T;T;.;T;D;.;T;T

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.060

T;T;T;.;T;T;.;D;T

Polyphen

0.98

D;P;D;.;D;D;D;P;P

Vest4

0.43

MVP

0.62

MPC

0.082

ClinPred

0.73

GERP RS

5.8

Varity_R

0.81

gMVP

0.72

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.13

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over